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. 2021 Sep 17;21:628. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04099-4

Table 2.

Overview of maternal cardiovascular activity

Type of intervention HR (T1) HR (T2) HR (T3) HR (T4) RMSSD (T1) RMSSD (T2) RMSSD (T3) RMSSD (T4)
Music Group Mean − 1.66 −.86 −2.33 − 2.48 5.19 7.42 8.70 7.50
Standard error .90 .89 .88 1.63 3.96 4.58 3.90 3.45
Standard deviation 3.12 2.96 2.90 5.63 13.71 15.87 13.53 11.44
N 12 11 11 12 12 12 12 11

Guided

Imagery Group

Mean −3.14 −3.90 −1.87 −1.40 4.67 9.48 2.61 −.39
Standard error .74 1.12 .55 .91 1.21 3.13 .77 1.57
Standard deviation 2.45 3.70 1.81 3.03 4.03 10.38 2.43 5.22
N 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 11
Resting Group Mean −1.09 −2.25 −2.44 −2.58 −1.05 6.89 1.40 9.92
Standard error .72 1.68 .97 1.24 3.16 6.83 1.95 7.49
Standard deviation 2.48 5.83 3.38 4.31 9.98 23.67 6.47 25.95
N 12 12 12 12 10 12 11 12
All Groups Mean −1.93 −2.33 −2.22 −2.17 3.13a 7.88 4.42 5.80
Standard error .47 .76 .47 .74 1.79 2.91 1.64 2.93
Standard deviation 2.77 4.43 2.72 4.39 10.27 17.20 9.42 17.10
N 35 34 34 35 33 35 33 34

All values are baseline corrected. Maternal Heart Rate (HR), Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD). T1-T2: Relaxation phase; T3-T4: Recovery phase