Fig 1. Suppression of NLR immune receptor–mediated cell death by parasitic effectors.

Plants recognize effectors secreted from evolutionarily unrelated parasites such as bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, aphids, and others via sensor NLRs. This recognition event activates downstream immune signaling leading to cell death, which requires the function of one or more helper NLRs. Derevnina and colleagues [8] used an effectoromics approach to show that parasite effectors interfere with helper NLRs function and suppress the immunity-related cell death response. NLR, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat.