Table 3.

Effect of OSCs in PNI animal models.

OSC origin	Surface marker expression in vitro	Models of PNI	Delivery system	Contribution to PNI regeneration	Reference
hOE-MSCs	CD13, CD44, CD90, CD166, CD146, CD73, CD29, CD105	2 mm facial nerve gap in rats	Nerve stumps	Promoted the movement score and electrophysiological results	[114]
OE-MSCs	Nestin	20 mm inferior laryngeal nerve gap in rats	Cells are injected into nerve graft	Enhanced laryngeal mobility and function score	[115]
OE-MSCs	CD73, CD90, CD105, nestin, vimentin	Sciatic nerve crush in rats	Alginate/chitosan hydrogel	Improved motor and sensory nerve regeneration	[88]
OSCs	β-tubulin, nestin, and GFAP	10 mm sciatic nerve gap in rats	Biphasic conduit	Contributed functional, electrophysiological, and histological recovery	[116]
OSCs	β-tubulin, GFAP, nestin, OMP, Musashi-1, sox-2, Nanog	Facial nerve crush model in mice	Biodegradable hydrogel	Accelerated the recovery from facial palsy and enhanced nerve regeneration	[87]