Table-3.
Resistance phenotype and presence of antibiotic resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater fish.
| No. | Isolates | Identification | Fish species | Location | Resistance phenotype | Genes detected by PCR | MAR Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | K1K2 | A. sobria | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K | blaTEM, blaSHV | 0.29 |
| 2. | K1K3 | A. sobria | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA | 0.43 |
| 3. | K2K11 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-S-Na-Sxt-Ot | - | 0.36 |
| 4. | K2K12 | A. sobria | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Te-Cip-Na-Ot | tetA | 0.57 |
| 5. | K2K15 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Na | blaTEM | 0.36 |
| 6. | K2K16 | A. veronii | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Na-Sxt-Ot | sul1, tetE, blaTEM | 0.50 |
| 7. | K3K22 | A. veronii | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-Te-Na-Ot | blaTEM | 0.29 |
| 8. | K3K24 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 9. | K3K25 | A. veronii | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-Te-Na-Sxt-Ot | sul1, tetA, blaTEM | 0.36 |
| 10. | K3K26 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-S | blaTEM | 0.14 |
| 11. | K3K27 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp | blaTEM | 0.07 |
| 12. | K3K28 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 13. | K3K29 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Na-Ot | tetA, strA-strB, blaTEM | 0.43 |
| 14. | K3K30 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Kelantan | Amp-S-Na | tetA, blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 15. | K1P2 | A. sobria | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Te-Na | tetA, strA-strB, aadA | 0.43 |
| 16. | K1P5 | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 17. | K2P1 | A. hydrophila | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 18. | K2P2 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-Te | tetE | 0.14 |
| 19. | K2P3 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-Na | - | 0.14 |
| 20. | K2P4 | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S | - | 0.14 |
| 21. | K2P5 | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 22. | K2P6 (a) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 23. | K2P6 (b) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-N-K | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 24. | K2P7 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S | - | 0.14 |
| 25. | K2P8 (a) | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 26. | K2P8 (b) | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Na | blaTEM, blaSHV | 0.36 |
| 27. | K2P10 | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | - | 0.21 |
| 28. | K3P4 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | - | 0.21 |
| 29. | K3P5 (a) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | - | 0.21 |
| 30 | K3P5 (b) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 31. | K3P6 (a) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K | blaTEM, blaSHV | 0.29 |
| 32. | K3P6 (b) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | - | 0.21 |
| 33. | K3P9 (a) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | blaTEM | 0.21 |
| 34. | K3P9 (b) | A. veronii | P. hypopthalmus | Kelantan | Amp-S-K | - | 0.21 |
| 35. | K1T2 (a) | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-K-Cip-Nor-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA, blaTEM, blaSHV, aadA | 0.64 |
| 36. | K1T2 (b) | A. sobria | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-K-Te-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA, blaTEM | 0.50 |
| 37. | K2T3 (a) | A. sobria | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-K-Cip-Nor-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA, blaTEM, blaSHV, aadA | 0.64 |
| 38. | K2T3 (b) | A. sobria | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-Te-Na | tetA, blaTEM, aadA | 0.36 |
| 39. | K2T6 (a) | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-N-S-Te-Na | tetA, blaTEM, aadA | 0.36 |
| 40. | K2T6 (b) | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-K-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA, blaTEM | 0.50 |
| 41. | K3T8 | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-K-Te-Cip-Nor-Na | tetA, blaTEM, blaSHV | 0.64 |
| 42. | K3T10 | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-K-Te-Cip-Nor-Na | tetA, blaTEM, blaSHV, aadA | 0.64 |
| 43. | K3T11 | A. hydrophila | Oreochromis spp. | Kelantan | Amp-Cn-N-S-Cip-Nor-Na-Sxt | sul1, tetA, blaTEM, blaSHV, aadA | 0.57 |
| 44. | T2K5 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Terengganu | Amp-Na | tetE | 0.14 |
| 45. | T2K4 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 46. | T3K6 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Terengganu | Amp-Te-Na-Do-Ot | tetA | 0.36 |
| 47. | T3K8 | A. jandaei | C. gariepinus | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 48. | T1T7 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | sul1 | 0.07 |
| 49. | T1T10 (b) | A. veronii | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | sul1, aadA | 0.07 |
| 50. | T1T4 (a) | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | sul1 | 0.07 |
| 51. | T1K6 | A. veronii | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp-N-Te-Sxt-Ot | sul1, tetA | 0.36 |
| 52. | T1K7 | A. veronii | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp-S | - | 0.14 |
| 53. | T1T6 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp-Na-S | - | 0.21 |
| 54. | T1T9 | A. veronii | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 55. | T2T1 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 56. | T2T3 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | blaTEM | 0.07 |
| 57. | T2T5 (a) | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 58. | T2T6 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp-S | - | 0.14 |
| 59. | T2T7 | A. jandaei | Oreochromis spp. | Terengganu | Amp-Na-S | - | 0.21 |
| 60. | T1P8 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
| 61. | T2P3 | A. jandaei | P. hypopthalmus | Terengganu | Amp | - | 0.07 |
Amp=Ampicillin (10 μg), Cn=Gentamicin (10 μg), N=Neomycin (30 μg), S=Streptomycin (10 μg), K=Kanamycin (30 μg), Te=Tetracycline (30 μg), Cip=Ciprofloxacin (5 μg), Nor=Norfloxacin (10 μg), Na=Nalidixic acid (30 μg), Sxt=Sulfamethoxazole (25 μg), C=Chloramphenicol (30 μg), Do=Doxycycline (30 μg), F=Nitrofurantoin (300 μg), Ot=Oxytetracycline (30 μg). MAR=Multiple antibiotic resistance, PCR=Polymerase chain reaction, A. sobria=Aeromonas sobria, C. gariepinus=Clarias gariepinus, A. jandaei=Aeromonas jandaei, A. veronii=Aeromonas veronii,
P. hypopthalmus=Pangasiusr hypopthalmus, A. hydrophila=Aeromonas hydrophila