Table 5.
Responses of soleus (Sol) muscle proteins composing sarcomere and affecting muscle contractile properties to microgravity (µ-g) or artificial 1-g (A1-g) exposure and/or fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) ingestion.
| Gene symbol (accession) | µ-g & FOS (−)/A1-g & FOS (−) | µ-g & FOS (+)/A1-g & FOS (−) | A1-g & FOS (+)/A1-g & FOS (−) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Predominant proteins in slow-twitch muscle | |||
| Actn2 (Q9JI91) | * FC = 0.82, P = 1.1E−3 | * FC = 0.88, P = 9.6E−4 | FC = 1.09, P = 7.5E−2 |
| Atp2a2 (O55143) | * FC = 0.71, P = 8.0E−3 | * FC = 0.69, P = 2.0E−5 | * FC = 1.27, P = 2.7E−3 |
| Myl6b (Q8CI43) | * FC = 0.43, P = 6.3E−3 | * FC = 0.47, P = 3.6E−3 | FC = 1.44, P = 9.7E−2 |
| Myl2 (P51667) | * FC = 0.61, P = 3.2E−3 | FC = 0.70, P = 1.3E−2 | FC = 1.21, P = 8.4E−2 |
| Myh7 (Q91Z83) | FC = 0.77, P = 3.5E−2 | * FC = 0.83, P = 4.4E−3 | * FC = 1.38, P = 3.7E−4 |
| Myh7b (A2AQP0) | * FC = 0.36, P = 2.3E−3 | * FC = 0.44, P = 2.5E−3 | FC = 1.05, P = 7.5E−1 |
| Myoz2 (Q9JJW5) | * FC = 0.53, P = 7.5E−5 | * FC = 0.64, P = 1.9E−3 | FC = 1.09, P = 1.0E−1 |
| Tpm3 (P21107) | * FC = 0.68, P = 8.8E−3 | FC = 0.71, P = 1.7E−2 | FC = 1.14, P = 2.1E−1 |
| Predominant proteins in fast-twitch muscle | |||
| Actn3 (O88990) | * FC = 2.66, P = 3.7E−5 | * FC = 1.82, P = 1.4E−3 | FC = 1.08, P = 5.2E−1 |
| Atp2a1 (Q8R429) | * FC = 1.60, P = 2.4E−4 | * FC = 1.44, P = 9.1E−4 | FC = 1.00, P = 8.5E−1 |
| Casq1 (O09165) | FC = 1.27, P = 8.9E−2 | * FC = 1.35, P = 3.0E−3 | FC = 1.04, P = 5.7E−1 |
| Mylk2 (Q8VCR8) | * FC = 1.51, P = 6.9E−3 | * FC = 1.48, P = 4.3E−3 | FC = 0.94, P = 2.9E−1 |
| Myh4 (Q5SX39) | * FC = 4.78, P = 7.1E−4 | * FC = 3.95, P = 2.4E−3 | FC = 1.08, P = 8.6E−1 |
| Mybpc2 (Q5XKE0) | * FC = 1.85, P = 2.6E−4 | FC = 1.36, P = 3.7E−2 | FC = 1.10, P = 3.4E−1 |
The protein abundance profiles of the groups exposed to µ-g with and without FOS ingestion and the group exposed to A1-g with FOS ingestion were individually compared with that of the group exposed to A1-g without FOS ingestion. The results for the proteins, which were categorized as the components of sarcomere and/or related factors to skeletal muscle contraction by DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 and significantly (p < 0.01) affected by µ-g exposure and/or FOS ingestion, in Sol muscles are indicated. The fold change (FC) and p value (P) of each protein are depicted. *: the significant high- or low-abundance proteins.