Table 7.
Responses of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle proteins composing sarcomere and affecting muscle contractile properties to microgravity (µ-g) or artificial 1-g (A1-g) exposure and/or fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) ingestion.
| Gene symbol (accession) | µ-g & FOS (−)/A1-g & FOS (−) | µ-g & FOS (+)/A1-g & FOS (−) | A1-g & FOS (+)/A1-g & FOS (−) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Predominant proteins in slow-twitch muscle | |||
| Actn2 (Q9JI91) | FC = 1.17, P = 3.5E−2 | * FC = 1.28, P = 6.2E−3 | FC = 1.04, P = 4.8E−1 |
| Myh7b (A2AQP0) | FC = 1.48, P = 3.5E−2 | * FC = 1.94, P = 5.1E−3 | FC = 0.96, P = 8.3E−1 |
| Myoz2 (Q9JJW5) | * FC = 1.51, P = 6.3E−4 | * FC = 1.71, P = 1.9E−4 | FC = 0.95, P = 5.0E−1 |
| Predominant proteins in fast-twitch muscle | |||
| Mybpc2 (Q5XKE0) | FC = 0.86, P = 1.1E−1 | * FC = 0.73, P = 4.3E−3 | FC = 0.95, P = 5.0E−1 |
The protein abundance profiles of the groups exposed to µ-g with and without FOS ingestion and the group exposed to A1-g with FOS ingestion were individually compared with that of the group exposed to A1-g without FOS ingestion. The results for the proteins, which were categorized as the components of sarcomere and/or related factors to skeletal muscle contraction by DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 and significantly (p < 0.01) affected by µ-g exposure and/or FOS ingestion, in EDL muscles are indicated. The fold change (FC) and p value (P) of each protein are depicted. *: the significant high- or low-abundance proteins.