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. 2021 Sep 17;11:18576. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97989-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Incidence of lung cancer in the whole cohort (A) adjusted for sex and age and (B) PS stratified. AUMC Ajou University Medical Center, DCMC Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, KNUH Kangwon National University Hospital, KDH Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, KHNMC Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, PNUH Pusan National University Hospital, WKUH Wonkwang University Hospital, TE estimated effect, seTE standard error of individual studies, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, ACEi angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker.