Table 1.
Patient Characteristics at Randomization
| Characteristic | Vitamin D3 (n = 47) | Placebo (n = 48) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||
| Age, y | 56.0 (39.5-65.0) | 46.0 (37.5-63.5) |
| Female sex | 21 (44.7) | 25 (52.1) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Black | 4 (8.5) | 8 (16.7) |
| Hispanic | 5 (10.5) | 5 (10.4) |
| Facility residence before hospitalization | ||
| Home | ||
| Independent | 39 (83.0) | 39 (81.2) |
| With help) | 5 (10.6) | 7 (14.6) |
| With professional help | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Skilled nursing facility | 1 (2.1) | 2 (4.2) |
| Dementia | 5 (10.6) | 4 (8.3) |
| Education, y | 14 (12-16) | 14 (12-16) |
| Barona Index | 108 (102-113) | 109 (102-113) |
| Clinical | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 3.00 (1.00-4.50) | 2.00 (0.00-3.75) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.9 (25.3-34.0) | 30.7 (27.6-34.5) |
| Lung injury risk factors | ||
| Pneumonia | 19 (40.4) | 15 (31.2) |
| Sepsis | 21 (44.7) | 17 (35.4) |
| Shock | 18 (38.3) | 16 (33.3) |
| Mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure | 3 (6.4) | 8 (16.7) |
| Aspiration | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Lung contusion | 4 (8.5) | 3 (6.2) |
| Pancreatitis | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Smoke inhalation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Infection (sepsis or pneumonia diagnosis) | 30 (63.8) | 30 (62.5) |
| Illness severity | ||
| SOFA score | 4.00 (2.00-7.00) | 5.00 (2.00-7.00) |
| LIPS | 5.50 (3.00-7.50) | 5.00 (3.25-7.00) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 7 (14.9) | 9 (18.8) |
| Vasopressor use | 11 (23.4) | 14 (29.2) |
| Vital signs | ||
| Pulse rate, beats/min | 83 (75.5-98.0) | 95.5 (86-114) |
| BP, mm Hg | ||
| Systolic | 113 (102.5-129) | 112 (104-134) |
| Diastolic | 65 (52-75) | 66 (57-79) |
| Respiratory rate, per min | 20 (18-24.5) | 19 (16-25) |
| Oxygen saturation, % | 97 (94-98) | 97 (94-98) |
| Vitamin D related | ||
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ng/mL | 15.2 (12.9-17.4) | 13.1 (12.9-15.9) |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 43.0 (32.9-85.8) | 53.6 (33.2-83.3) |
Data are presented as No. (%) or median (interquartile range). eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; LIPS = Lung Injury Prediction Score; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.