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Schematic mechanism of enteric glial MHC-II expression. Enteric glia exposed to proinflammatory stimuli IFNγ and LPS up-regulate expression of MHC-II molecules on their cell surface. Enteric glial MHC-II is not derived from phagocytosed foreign antigens, but rather is derived from products of autophagy. Enteric glial MHC-II are functional molecules that can interact with B-lymphocytes, IL17-expressing, and FoxP3-expressing CD4+ T-lymphocytes to modulate CD69 expression.
