TABLE 2.
Demographic, clinical, and imaging characteristics of the included studies of resting‐state functional activity
| Study | Demographic characteristics | Clinical characteristics (AN patients) | Imaging characteristics | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants (female), n | Mean age±SD, year | Age group | AN state | Comorbid | Illness duration (months) | Age at onset (years) | BMI | Imaging techniquea | Scanner | Software | FWHM (mm) | Threshold | Quality scoreb | ||||
| AN | HC | AN | HC | AN | HC | ||||||||||||
| (Gordon et al., 2001) | 8(8) | 8(8) | 20.1±2.6 | 23.7±2.6 | NA | NA | NO | 33.2±32.4 | NA | 18.0±3.5 | 21.7±1.8 | PET | PET | SPM96 | 6 | NA | 8.5 |
| (Naruo et al., 2001) | 7(7) | 7(7) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NO | NA | NA | 12.8±2.1 | 20.0±1.4 | SPECT | SPECT | SPM96 | 12 | NA | 8.5 |
| (Takano et al., 2001) | 14(14) | 8(8) | 21.2±6.6 | 28.3±3.3 | NA | NA | NO | 16.8±9.6 | NA | 14.0±2.2 | 19.7±0.8 | SPECT | SPECT | SPM96 | 10 | puncorrected <.05 | 9 |
| (Kojima et al., 2005)c | 12(12) | 11(11) | 18.6±3.5 | 21.8±2.1 | NA | Before WG | NO | NA | NA | 12.5±1.7 | 20.1±0.8 | SPECT | SPECT | SPM99 | 12 | puncorrected <.05 | 9.5 |
| 12(12) | 11(11) | 18.8±3.5 | 21.8±2.1 | NA | After WG | NO | NA | NA | 15.6±0.7 | 20.1±0.8 | NA | NA | |||||
| (Jinjue et al., 2007) | 3(3) | 25(25) | 20.3 | 20.4±1.8 | Adult | NA | NO | NA | NA | 16.3 | 21.3±1.2 | SPECT | SPECT | SPM2 | NA | puncorrected <.05 | 9 |
| (Yonezawa et al., 2008)c | 26(26) | 10(10) | 22.2±3.9 | 20.6±1.7 | NA | Acute and chronic | NO | 32.0±22.4 | 19.7±4.3 | 13.5±1.3 | 19.7 ±1.8 | SPECT | SPECT | NA | 8 | NA | 9.5 |
| 13(13) | 10(10) | 22.2±3.6 | 20.6±1.7 | NA | Acute | NO | 30.3±23.7 | 19.6±4.6 | 13.8±1.5 | 19.7 ±1.8 | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| 13(13) | 10(10) | 22.3±4.4 | 20.6±1.7 | NA | Chronic | NO | 33.8±21.9 | 19.7±4.2 | 13.4±1.2 | 19.7 ±1.8 | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| (Cicerale et al., 2013) | 10(10) | 8(8) | 22.0±4.0 | 24.0±2.0 | NA | NA | NO | 16.0±9.0 | 20.0±4.0 | 15.9±1.0 | 21.1 ±1.7 | ALFF | 1.5T MRI | FSL | NA | pTFCE <.005 | 9.0 |
| (Pasanisi et al., 2013)c | 7(7) | 20(20) | 23.4±4.5 | 25.6±3.9 | Adult | Acute | NO | NA | NA | 15.5±0.8 | 22.2±1.5 | PET | PET | NA | NA | NA | 8.5 |
| 3(3) | 20(20) | 21.3±1.5 | 25.6±3.9 | NA | Recovered | NO | NA | NA | 18.8±1.1 | 22.2±1.5 | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| (Yue, 2013) | 8(8) | 8(8) | 20.2±4.8 | 19.7±3.5 | 14‐32 | NA | NO | NA | NA | 16.1±2.8 | 20.6±2.4 | ReHo | 3.0T MRI | SPM8 | 4 | puncorrected <.005 | 8.5 |
| (Zhang et al., 2013) | 6(6) | 12(12) | 17.0±0.8 | 24.0±3.3 | NA | NA | NO | 23.8±10.5 | NA | 12.2±1.0 | NA | PET | PET | SPM2 | 10 | puncorrected <.001 | 9.0 |
| (Sheng et al., 2015)c | 23(23) | 25(25) | 25.8±8.3 | 25.5±6.6 | Adult | Acute | YES | NA | NA | 18.2±1.6 | 22.6±2.7 | ASL | 3.0T MRI | SPM5 | 8 | pFWE<<.001 | 9.5 |
| 19(19) | 25(25) | 30.4±8.4 | 25.5±6.6 | Adult | Recovered | YES | NA | NA | 23.0±3.0 | 22.6±2.7 | |||||||
| (Wierenga et al., 2017) | 21(21) | 16(16) | 27.2±1.7 | 23.9±1.5 | Adult | NA | NO | NA | NA | 21.8±0.3 | 22.4±0.4 | ASL | 3.0T MRI | FSL | 4 | pcorrected <.05 | 9.5 |
| (Seidel et al., 2019)c | 74(74) | 74(74) | 16.0±2.9 | 16.2±2.9 | 12.1‐28.5 | Acute and nonchronic | NO | 17.5±22.7 | NA | 14.6±1.3 | 20.6±2.6 | fALFF | 3.0T MRI | SPM8 | 6 | pFDR<.05 | 9.5 |
| 74(74) | 74(74) | 16.0±2.9 | 16.2±2.9 | NA | NO | 14.5±1.3 | 20.6±2.6 | ReHo | 3.0T MRI | NA | NA | NA | |||||
| (Lai et al., 2020) | 7(7) | 14(14) | 17.5±2.4 | 19.1±3.1 | NA | Acute | NO | 10.3±6.7 | NA | 13.7±1.4 | 19.6±1.8 | fALFF | 3.0T MRI | DPARSF | 4 | pGFR <.05 | 9 |
| (Seidel et al., 2019) | 65(65) | 65(65) | 22.06±3.3 | 22.05±3.3 | NA | Recovered | NO | NA | NA | 20.7±1.8 | 21.61±2 | fALFF | 3.0T MRI | SPM8 | 6 | pFWE<<.05 | 9.5 |
Abbreviations: ALFF, amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation; AN, anorexia nervosa patients; ASL, arterial Spin Labeling; BMI, body mass index; DPARSF, data processing assistant for resting‐State fMRI software; fALFF, the fractional ALFF; FDR, false discovery rate; fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; FSL, FMRIB's Software Library, the University of Oxford; FWE, family wise error; FWHM, full width at half maximum; HC, healthy control; NA, not available; ReHo, regional homogeneity; SD, standard deviation; SPM, statistical parametric mapping; TFCE, the threshold‐free cluster enhancement; WG, weight gain.
Include ALFF, ALFF, ReHo, PET, SPECT, and ASL.
Total score out of 10.
Represents at least two data sets are included.