TABLE 2.

Gray matter network measures showing significant differences among the PD‐M, PD‐N, and HC groups

	p(F)	Posthoc tests
Measurements		HC vs. PD‐Np (t)	HC vs. PD‐Mp (t)	PD‐N vs. PD‐Mp (t)
Global
Normalized characteristic path length	.045 (3.324)	.008 (2.470)	.116 (1.229)	.081 (−1.444)
Small‐worldness	.032 (3.657)	.034 (−1.922)	.003 (−2.844)	.423 (−0.185)
Local efficiency	.043 (3.243)	.243 (−0.716)	.001 (−3.024)	.088 (−1.405)
Nodal betweenness
Right middle frontal gyrus	.023 (3.857)	.118 (1.182)	.003 (2.653)	.065 (1.615)
Left fusiform gyrus	.023 (3.998)	.024 (1.949)	.010 (2.355)	.433 (0.164)
Left angular gyrus	.039 (3.423)	.040 (1.738)	.013 (2.309)	.398 (0.238)
Nodal degree
Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part	.040 (3.389)	.212 (−0.808)	.027 (1.940)	.008 (2.504)
Right gyrus rectus	.038 (3.451)	.017 (2.180)	.011 (2.357)	.419 (−0.205)
Left lingual gyrus	.016 (4.452)	.015 (2.250)	.006 (2.641)	.418 (0.236)
Right paracentral lobule	.037 (3.645)	.017 (−2.162)	.350 (0.391)	.002 (3.006)
Right superior temporal gyrus	.006 (5.532)	.048 (−1.700)	.032 (1.861)	.001 (3.434)
Left cerebellum Crus1	.007 (5.281)	.003 (−2.848)	.006 (−2.537)	.266 (0.641)
Left cerebellum Crus2	.032 (3.541)	.016 (−2.257)	.008 (−2.548)	.347 (0.386)
Right cerebellum 3	.031 (3.731)	.167 (−0.993)	.005 (−2.690)	.090 (−1.388)
Nodal efficiency
Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part	.035 (3.564)	.098 (−1.306)	.050 (1.686)	.007 (2.494)
Right superior temporal gyrus	.010 (4.851)	.037 (−1.777)	.061 (1.590)	.001 (3.265)
Left cerebellum Crus1	.002 (6.902)	.003 (−2.834)	.001 (−3.084)	.369 (0.363)
Right cerebellum 3	.024 (3.917)	.054 (−1.656)	.005 (−2.671)	.201 (−0.865)

Note: Comparisons of global and nodal measures among the three groups (p < 0.05, shown in bold) and post hoc pairwise comparisons (p < 0.05/3, shown in bold) were performed using nonparametric permutation tests.

Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson's disease; PD‐M, PD with mild cognitive impairment; PD‐N, PD with normal cognition.