Table 2.
Demographics and participant psychosocial characteristics at quitline enrollment and baseline survey.
| Total Sample (n = 96) |
Enhanced E-cigarette Coaching (EEC) (n = 46, 48%) |
Quitline Treatment as Usual (TAU; control) (n = 50, 52%) |
p-value |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | n | % | 95% CI | |
| Age (in years), Mean (SE) | 40.6 (1.4) | [37.9,43.4] | 40.6 (2.2) | [36.2,44.9] | 40.7 (1.8) | [37.1,44.3] | 0.9679 | |||
| 18-24 | 16 | 16.7 | [9.1,24.3] | 10 | 21.7 | [9.4,34.1] | 6 | 12.0 | [2.7,21.3] | 0.2683 |
| 25-40 | 34 | 35.4 | [25.7,45.2] | 12 | 26.1 | [12.9,39.3] | 22 | 44.0 | [29.7,58.3] | |
| 41-60 | 40 | 41.7 | [31.6,51.7] | 21 | 45.7 | [30.7,60.6] | 19 | 38.0 | [24.1,51.9] | |
| 61+ | 6 | 6.3 | [1.3,11.2] | 3 | 6.5 | [0.0,13.9] | 3 | 6.0 | [0.0,12.8] | |
| Sex, Female | 59 | 61.5 | [51.5,71.4] | 30 | 65.2 | [50.9,79.5] | 29 | 58.0 | [43.8,72.2] | 0.5319 |
| Race | ||||||||||
| White or Caucasian | 62 | 64.6 | [54.8,74.3] | 32 | 69.6 | [55.8,83.4] | 30 | 60.0 | [45.9,74.1] | 0.1910 |
| Black or African American | 7 | 7.3 | [2.0,12.6] | 5 | 10.9 | [1.5,20.2] | 2 | 4.0 | [0.0,9.6] | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 12 | 12.5 | [5.8,19.2] | 5 | 10.9 | [1.5,20.2] | 7 | 14.0 | [4.0,24.0] | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native AND White/Caucasian | 11 | 11.5 | [5.0,17.9] | 2 | 4.3 | [0.0,10.5] | 9 | 18.0 | [7.0,29.0] | |
| More than One Race | 4 | 4.2 | [0.1,8.2] | 2 | 4.3 | [0.0,10.5] | 2 | 4.0 | [0.0,9.6] | |
| Ethnicitya | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 3 | 3.1 | [0.0,6.7] | 1 | 2.2 | [0.0,6.6] | 2 | 4.0 | [0.0,9.6] | 0.3152 |
| Non-Hispanic | 85 | 88.5 | [82.1,95.0] | 39 | 84.8 | [74.0,95.6] | 46 | 92.0 | [84.2100.0] | |
| No data | 8 | 8.3 | [2.7,14.0] | 6 | 13.0 | [2.9,23.2] | 2 | 4.0 | [0.0,9.6] | |
| Educationa | ||||||||||
| Less than High School | 7 | 7.3 | [2.0,12.6] | 4 | 8.7 | [0.2,17.2] | 3 | 6.0 | [0.0,12.8] | 0.1044 |
| High school or GED | 29 | 30.2 | [20.9,39.6] | 18 | 39.1 | [24.5,53.8] | 11 | 22.0 | [10.1,33.9] | |
| Some college | 29 | 30.2 | [20.9,39.6] | 8 | 17.4 | [6.0,28.8] | 21 | 42.0 | [27.8,56.2] | |
| College graduate or more | 21 | 21.9 | [13.5,30.3] | 11 | 23.9 | [11.1,36.7] | 10 | 20.0 | [8.5,31.5] | |
| No data | 10 | 10.4 | [4.2,16.6] | 5 | 10.9 | [1.5,20.2] | 5 | 10.0 | [1.4,18.6] | |
| Insurance Typea | ||||||||||
| Uninsured | 42 | 43.8 | [33.6,53.9] | 17 | 37.0 | [22.5,51.4] | 19 | 38.0 | [24.1,51.9] | 0.0777 |
| Medicaid | 20 | 20.8 | [12.6,29.1] | 14 | 30.4 | [16.6,44.3] | 6 | 12.0 | [2.7,21.3] | |
| Insured + Medicare | 33 | 34.4 | [24.7,44.0] | 14 | 30.4 | [16.6,44.3] | 25 | 50.0 | [35.6,64.4] | |
| No data | 1 | 1.0 | [0.0,3.1] | 1 | 2.2 | [0.0,6.6] | 0 | – | – | |
| Chronic Conditions, 1 + | 23 | 24.0 | [15.3,32.7] | 14 | 30.4 | [16.6,44.3] | 9 | 18.0 | [7.0,29.0] | 0.2311 |
| Asthma | 16 | 16.7 | [9.1,24.3] | 11 | 23.9 | [11.1,36.7] | 5 | 10.0 | [1.4,18.6] | 0.0994 |
| Diabetes | 5 | 5.2 | [0.7,9.7] | 1 | 2.2 | [0.0,6.6] | 4 | 8.0 | [0.2,15.8] | 0.3639 |
| COPD | 8 | 8.3 | [2.7,14.0] | 5 | 10.9 | [1.5,20.2] | 3 | 6.0 | [0.0,12.8] | 0.4740 |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 2 | 2.1 | [0.0,5.0] | 2 | 4.3 | [0.0,10.5] | 0 | – | – | – |
| Behavioral Health Conditionb | ||||||||||
| None | 24 | 25.0 | [16.2,33.8] | 11 | 23.9 | [11.1,36.7] | 13 | 26.0 | [13.4,38.6] | 0.6284 |
| 1 | 20 | 20.8 | [12.6,29.1] | 8 | 17.4 | [6.0,28.8] | 12 | 24.0 | [11.7,36.3] | |
| 2+ | 52 | 54.2 | [44.0,64.3] | 27 | 58.7 | [43.9,73.5] | 25 | 50.0 | [35.6,64.4] | |
| Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS), Mean (SE) | 5.8 (0.4) | [5.1,6.6] | 6.0 (0.5) | [5.0,7.0] | 5.7 (0.5) | [4.6,6.7] | 0.4484 | |||
| Anxiety (GAD-2), Mean (SE) | 2.9 (0.2) | [2.5,3.3] | 2.6 (0.3) | [1.9,3.3] | 3.2 (0.3) | [2.6,3.8] | 0.1482 | |||
| % 3+ (cutoff) | 49 | 51.0 | [40.9,61.2] | 21 | 45.7 | [30.7,60.6] | 28 | 56.0 | [41.7,70.3] | 0.4139 |
| Depression (PHQ-2), Mean (SE) | 2.3 (0.2) | [1.8,2.7] | 2.4 (0.3) | [1.8,3.0] | 2.2 (0.3) | [1.6,2.7] | 0.6300 | |||
| % 2+ (cutoff) | 54 | 56.3 | [46.1,66.4] | 27 | 58.7 | [43.9,73.5] | 27 | 54.0 | [39.7,68.3] | 0.6843 |
| Binge drinking 1+ times, past yearc | 41 | 42.7 | [32.6,52.8] | 18 | 39.1 | [24.5,53.8] | 23 | 46.0 | [31.7,60.3] | 0.5402 |
| Drug use 1+ times, past yeard | 15 | 15.6 | [8.2,23.0] | 7 | 15.2 | [4.4,26.0] | 8 | 16.0 | [5.5,26.5] | 0.9999 |
| Marijuana use, last 30 days | 38 | 39.6 | [29.6,49.5] | 19 | 41.3 | [26.5,56.1] | 19 | 38.0 | [24.1,51.9] | 0.8353 |
| Daily MJ use, last 30 days | 17 | 17.7 | [9.9,25.5] | 9 | 19.6 | [7.7,31.5] | 8 | 16.0 | [5.5,26.5] | 0.7902 |
a
Missing responses and responses of “Refused,” “Do not know,” and “Not collected” are combined and reported as “No data”.
b
Participants are asked if they have any of the following behavioral health conditions: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, depression, drug abuse disorder, gambling addiction, generalized anxiety disorder, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and/or schizophrenia.
c
Binge drinking defined as 4 or more drinks in a day for women and 5 or more drinks in a day for men.
d
Drug use defined as using an illegal drug or using a prescription medication for non-medical reasons.