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Coefficient (coef.) plots of the effects of COVID-19 on mental health by personality traits. This figure plots the main coefficients of interest, estimated using model 1 for each pair of a period during COVID-19 and the pre–COVID-19 baseline period. The dependent variable is GHQ-12. Each dot represents the coefficient of an interaction term between a specific trait and the COVID-19 period, for each COVID-19 wave. The spike plots refer to the 90% CIs.
