Table 3.
Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of Bladder Cancer-Specific Mortality by Season-Adjusted 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels, Stratified by Smoking Status, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Physical Activity
| 25-Hydroxyvitamin D | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deficient | Insufficient | Optimal | High Optimal | p Interaction | |||||
| <50 nmol/L | 50–74 nmol/L | 75–99 nmol/L | ≥100 nmol/L | ||||||
| n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Smoking statusa | |||||||||
| Never smoker | 8 | 5.89 (0.77–44.9) | 38 | 1.00 | 20 | 0.21 (0.02–2.75) | 8 | 0.31 (0.026–3.84) | |
| Former smoker | 9 | 5.03 (0.94–26.9) | 39 | 1.00 | 25 | 2.49 (0.72–8.61) | 7 | 1.72 (0.27–10.9) | |
| Current smoker | 44 | 1.65 (0.84–3.23) | 104 | 1.00 | 57 | 1.32 (0.66–2.66) | 19 | 1.61 (0.54–4.76) | 0.846 |
| BMIb | |||||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 31 | 1.92 (0.90–4.11) | 97 | 1.00 | 60 | 1.63 (0.83–3.19) | 20 | 1.56 (0.53–4.56) | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 30 | 1.97 (0.82–4.77) | 84 | 1.00 | 42 | 1.08 (0.45–2.60) | 14 | 2.16 (0.64–7.28) | 0.888 |
| Physical activityc | |||||||||
| Sedentary | 21 | 0.84 (0.14–4.85) | 36 | 1.00 | 17 | 0.18 (0.017–2.00) | 4 | 0.30 (0.017–5.45) | |
| Active | 40 | 1.88 (0.98–3.62) | 145 | 1.00 | 85 | 1.33 (0.78–2.27) | 30 | 1.91 (0.84–4.35) | 0.788 |
Notes: aAdjusted for age at index-day, sex, year of blood draw, batch number, tumor invasiveness, body mass index, physical activity, education. bAdjusted for age at index-day, sex, year of blood draw, batch number, tumor invasiveness, smoking status, physical activity, education. cAdjusted for age at index-day, sex, year of blood draw, batch number, tumor invasiveness, body mass index, smoking status, education.