Table 6.
The Correlation Between Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance Patterns Among the MDR K. pneumoniae Strains in This Study (n=14)
| Strain Number | In-vitro Phenotypic Resistance | The Antimicrobial Resistance Genes |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin | blaSHV-11, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1, |
| Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | ||
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 6 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaOXA-1, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Ceftizoxime | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 8 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaOXA-1, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime | ||
| Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 9 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaCTX-M-14, blaVIM-1, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 15 | Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin, Tobramycin | blaSHV-11, blaCTX-M-14, blaACT-1, blaDHA-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | ||
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefepime | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 16 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaCTX-M-14, blaACT-1, blaDHA-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime | ||
| Cephamycins: Cefoxitin | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Penicillins: Piperacillin | ||
| 22 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaVIM-1, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| 24 | Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | ||
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 37 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 48 | Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | ||
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 65 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaNDM-1, blaVIM-1, blaVEB-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 73 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaCTX-M-14, blaDHA-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Cephamycins: Cefoxitin | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 79 | Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | blaSHV-11, blaNDM-1, blaVIM-1, blaVEB-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Sulfonamides: Aulfamethoxazole trimethoprim | ||
| 94 | Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin | blaTEM-1, blaSHV-11, blaKPC-2, blaACT-1, blaFOX-1 |
| Non-extended spectrum cephalosporins; 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins: Cefazolin, Cefuroxime | ||
| Extended-spectrum cephalosporins; 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins: Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone | ||
| Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin | ||
| Monobactams: Aztreonam | ||
| Penicillins + β-lactamase inhibitors: Ampicillin/sulbactam |