Table 3.
Patient characteristics in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection (N = 20).
| Demographics | Transthoracic echocardiography | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 46 ± 24 | Negative, N (%) | 9 (45) |
| Male gender, N (%) | 15 (75) | LV wall motion abnormalities, N (%) | 3 (15) |
| Risk factors and history | LVEF impairment, N (%) | 3 (15) | |
| Obesity, N (%) | 7 (35) | RV dilatation or dysfunction, N (%) | 1 (5) |
| Mean body mass index, kg/m2 | 25 ± 7 | 12-lead electrocardiogram | |
| Smoking, N (%) | 5 (25) | Negative, N (%) | 12 (60) |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 7 (35) | Atrial fibrillation, N (%) | 1 (5) |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 2 (10) | Non-specific T wave changes, N (%) | 5 (25) |
| Chronic heart disease, N (%) | 2 (10) | Right bundle branch block, N (%) | 2 (10) |
| Acute clinical presentation | Monomorphic PVCs, N (%) | 2 (10) | |
| Fever > 38 °C, N (%) | 13 (65) | Antiviral, N (%) | 9 (45) |
| Arthromyalgia, N (%) | 9 (45) | Antibiotic, N (%) | 13 (65) |
| Asthenia, N (%) | 14 (70) | Corticosteroids, N (%) | 6 (30) |
| Anosmia or ageusia, N (%) | 7 (35) | Tocilizumab, N (%) | 5 (25) |
| Chest pain, N (%) | 7 (35) | Hydroxychloroquine, N (%) | 7 (35) |
| Dyspnea, N (%) | 10 (50) | Anticoagulation, N (%) | 9 (45) |
| Coughing, N (%) | 12 (60) | Mechanical ventilation, N (%) | 5 (25) |
| Abdominal symptoms, N (%) | 7 (35) | Acute complications | |
| Cephalalgia, N (%) | 5 (25) | ARDS, N (%) | 5 (25) |
| COVID-19 diagnosis* | Ventricular arrhythmia, N (%) | 2 (10) | |
| Chest CT suggestive of COVID-19, N (%) | 11/13 (85) | Atrial arrhythmia, N (%) | 2 (10) |
| Positive COVID-19 PCR test, N (%) | 16 (80) | Pulmonary embolism, N (%) | 3 (15) |
| Positive COVID-19 serology, N (%) | 4 (20) | Liver injury, N (%) | 2 (10) |
| Laboratory findings | Renal failure, N (%) | 3 (15) | |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L, median [IQR] | 88 [59–175] | ||
| Fibrinogen, g/L, mean ± SD | 7.1 ± 2.3 | ||
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL, median [IQR] | 422 [41–879] | ||
| Troponin I, ng/mL, median [IQR] | 305 [83–1134] |
*
Results are expressed as a fraction of the total number of subjects undergoing each diagnostic test. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; CT: computed tomography; EF: ejection fraction; IQR: interquartile range Q1-Q3; LV: left ventricle; PVCs: premature ventricular complexes; RV: right ventricle; SD: standard deviation.