Table 1.

Scale items, internalizing domains, and factor loadings.

Scales and items	CFA factor loadings
	λ1	${\ell }_1^2$	λ2	${\ell }_2^2$	H
Affirmation of meaning scale	—	—	—	—	0.90
My life is worth living no matter how many problems I have	0.79	0.63	0.86	0.74	—
Even if I were stripped of everything, I still believe that my life is precious	0.74	0.55	0.88	0.78	—
Life is worth living no matter how difficult or painful it is	0.69	0.48	0.85	0.72	—
Acceptance scale	—	—	—	—
My life is fragile, and could end at any time	0.42	0.17	0.53	0.28	0.76
Life is full of setbacks	0.55	0.31	0.71	0.50	—
It is inevitable that people will let me down	0.60	0.36	0.80	0.64	—
Courage scale	—	—	—	—	0.72
I can move forward with confidence, even if most people don't approve of my life goals	0.49	0.17	0.57	0.33	—
I'd rather die fighting for something I believe in than play safe	0.46	0.33	0.59	0.34	—
I am willing to face horrible consequences in order to do what is right	0.56	57	0.78	0.61	—
Faith scale	—	—	—	—	0.96
I believe in a higher power	0.84	0.70	0.61	0.37	—
Putting my fate in God's hands has helped me gain peace in my life	0.86	0.74	0.98	0.96	—
Even when I am at the end of my rope, I still believe that God will come to my rescue	0.88	0.77	0.92	0.85	—
Self-transcendence scale	—	—	—	—	0.74
Living for others helps me rise above my own problems	0.69	0.48	0.71	0.51	—
My suffering decreases whenever I reach out to help others	0.68	0.46	0.70	0.49	—
Being an example to others motivates me to endure hardships	0.62	0.38	0.68	0.46	—

CFA, confirmatory factor analysis; λ₁, item loadings for first-order factors; ${\ell }_1^2$, indicator reliability for first-order factor items (N = 366); λ₂, factor loading for the first-order structure; ${\ell }_2^2$, indicator reliability for first-order factor indicators (N = 215); H = latent construct reliability.