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. 2021 Sep 6;12:681053. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.681053

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Copyright © 2021 Sharma, Mir and Galande.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Components of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The non-canonical Wnt pathway is independent of β-catenin. Wnt activation leads to complex formation between ROR and Frizzled which allows activation of Disheveled. Disheveled is then able to activate DAAM1 and RHOA GTPase. RHOA in turn activates ROCK. Activation of ROCK and JNK leads to cytoskeletal remodeling. Wnt/Ca⁺ signaling involves activation of Disheveled upon Wnt activation, followed by activation of PLC. PLC activates the downstream effectors PKC, Calcineurin, and CAMKII via release of Ca⁺. These factors drive NFAT mediated transcriptional program and cytoskeletal changes.