Table 2.

Examples of Nontraditional Roles

	Roles	Organizations
Hospital and health care	Non-nursing positions such as COO, CEO, CFO, chief business development officer, chief wellness officer, philanthropy, community relations, human resources/recruitment, patient advocacy, chief technology officer, chief innovation officer, chief experience officer, chief policy officer, chief quality officer, board member	Hospitals, health systems, long-term care facilities, retail pharmacies, senior living centers, community health centers
Health care corporations (from startups to large organizations)	CNO, advisor, product development, product management, marketing, product sales	Medical device manufacturers, pharmaceuticals, health care services, insurance providers, retail pharmacies/clinics
Nonprofit	Board service, executive leadership	Nursing professional associations, non-nursing professional associations, disease focused association (e.g., Heart Association, Cancer Society), community service (e.g., YMCA), interest group (e.g., AARP), philanthropic organization, think tank
Consultant	Targeted focus (i.e., staffing, community engagement, employee wellness, bullying), coaching, public speaking, meeting facilitation	Self-employed, small firm, large firm
Academia	Dean, community outreach, faculty, adjunct faculty
Government	Elected leader, department related to health and human services	Local, state, federal levels

CEO, chief executive officer; CFO, chief financial officer; CNO, chief nursing officer; COO, chief operating officer.