Table 4.
Shortfall nutrients: mean usual nutrient intakes percentages meeting recommendations in 19–50-year-old adults.
| Usual intake | < EAR | >AI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrients | Grain foods | % Removal from current dietary pattern* | Mean | SE | % | SE | % | SE |
| Shortfall Nutrients | ||||||||
| Folate, μg DFE/d | Current | 0 | 555 | 5.2 | 11.0 | 0.6 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 548 | 5.2 | 11.8 | 0.6 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 540 | 5.0 | 12.7 | 0.7 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 525 | 5.0 | 14.9 | 0.7 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 525 | 4.6 | 12.4 | 0.7 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 492 | 4.1 | 14.6 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 428 | 3.6 | 24.5 | 0.9 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 506 | 4.4 | 14.6 | 0.7 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 457 | 3.9 | 20.1 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 358 | 3.3 | 43.4 | 1.1 | |||
| Iron, mg/d | Current | 0 | 15.2 | 0.1 | 8.4 | 0.3 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 15.1 | 0.1 | 8.9 | 0.3 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 14.8 | 0.1 | 9.3 | 0.3 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 14.5 | 0.1 | 10.3 | 0.4 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 14.5 | 0.1 | 9.4 | 0.3 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 13.7 | 0.1 | 10.7 | 0.4 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 12.3 | 0.1 | 14.8 | 0.4 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 14.1 | 0.1 | 10.4 | 0.3 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 12.9 | 0.1 | 12.9 | 0.4 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 10.5 | 0.1 | 21.9 | 0.5 | |||
| Magnesium, mg/d | Current | 0 | 312 | 2.4 | 50.8 | 1.0 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 309 | 2.4 | 52.0 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 306 | 2.4 | 53.1 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 301 | 2.3 | 55.1 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 307 | 2.4 | 52.8 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 302 | 2.3 | 54.9 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 293 | 2.3 | 58.9 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 302 | 2.3 | 55.0 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 292 | 2.2 | 59.2 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 273 | 2.2 | 67.6 | 1.0 | |||
| Vitamin A, μg RAE/d | Current | 0 | 614 | 8.6 | 49.2 | 1.2 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 614 | 9.2 | 49.0 | 1.2 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 613 | 8.8 | 49.2 | 1.2 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 613 | 8.7 | 49.3 | 1.2 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 601 | 8.5 | 51.0 | 1.2 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 588 | 8.4 | 52.9 | 1.2 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 563 | 8.1 | 56.8 | 1.2 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 596 | 8.5 | 51.6 | 1.2 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 577 | 8.1 | 54.5 | 1.2 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 541 | 7.8 | 60.3 | 1.2 | |||
| Vitamin C, mg/d | Current | 0 | 79.4 | 1.3 | 48.9 | 1.1 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 79.5 | 1.3 | 48.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 79.5 | 1.3 | 48.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 79.5 | 1.3 | 48.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 79.0 | 1.3 | 49.4 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 78.5 | 1.3 | 49.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 77.8 | 1.3 | 50.7 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 79.0 | 1.3 | 49.5 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 78.5 | 1.3 | 49.9 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 77.7 | 1.3 | 50.8 | 1.1 | |||
| Vitamin Ea, mg/d | Current | 0 | 9.0 | 0.1 | 81.3 | 0.8 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 8.9 | 0.1 | 81.6 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 8.9 | 0.1 | 81.6 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 82.0 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 25 | 8.9 | 0.1 | 82.3 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 50 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 82.9 | 0.7 | |||
| Breads+RTEC | 100 | 8.5 | 0.1 | 84.5 | 0.7 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 82.6 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 8.6 | 0.1 | 83.8 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 8.3 | 0.1 | 86.0 | 0.7 | |||
a
as alpha-tocopherol; EAR, Estimated Average Requirement; AI, Adequate Intake.
The Data source is NHANES 2009–2016; N = 9,641; Usual intake determined using the National Cancer Institute method.
*
Current dietary pattern using data collected from NHANES 2009–2016.