Table 5.
Shortfall nutrients: mean usual nutrient intakes, usual intake percentiles, and DRI percentages in 51–99-year-old adults.
| Usual intake | < EAR | >AI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrients | Grain foods | % Removal from current dietary pattern* | Mean | SE | % | SE | % | SE |
| Shortfall Nutrients | ||||||||
| Folate, μg DFE/d | Current | 0 | 523 | 4.4 | 13.8 | 0.8 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 513 | 4.4 | 15.2 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 503 | 4.3 | 16.6 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 483 | 4.1 | 20.0 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 487 | 3.8 | 16.7 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 450 | 3.5 | 20.8 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 378 | 3.2 | 37.0 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 472 | 3.8 | 19.0 | 0.9 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 420 | 3.3 | 27.0 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 319 | 2.8 | 56.2 | 1.0 | |||
| Iron, mg/d | Current | 0 | 14.6 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.1 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 14.3 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 14.1 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 13.5 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.2 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 13.7 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.2 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 12.8 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 11.0 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 0.3 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 13.3 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 12.0 | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0.2 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 9.4 | 0.1 | 9.9 | 0.5 | |||
| Magnesium, mg/d | Current | 0 | 304 | 2.1 | 54.2 | 0.9 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 301 | 2.0 | 55.7 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 297 | 2.1 | 57.3 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 290 | 2.0 | 60.3 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 298 | 2.1 | 56.9 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 292 | 2.0 | 59.5 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 279 | 2.1 | 65.1 | 0.9 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 293 | 2.0 | 59.0 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 282 | 2.0 | 63.9 | 0.9 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 260 | 1.8 | 73.0 | 0.9 | |||
| Vitamin A, μg RAE/d | Current | 0 | 682 | 8.9 | 38.6 | 1.1 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 682 | 9.4 | 38.4 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 682 | 8.7 | 38.6 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 682 | 8.9 | 38.6 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 667 | 8.7 | 40.3 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 651 | 8.3 | 42.3 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 622 | 7.6 | 46.6 | 1.0 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 659 | 8.5 | 41.2 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 639 | 8.4 | 44.0 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 594 | 7.6 | 50.8 | 1.1 | |||
| Vitamin C, mg/d | Current | 0 | 87.0 | 1.5 | 41.9 | 1.1 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 86.9 | 1.4 | 41.9 | 1.0 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 87.1 | 1.6 | 41.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 86.9 | 1.6 | 42.0 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 86.4 | 1.5 | 42.5 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 85.9 | 1.6 | 42.9 | 1.1 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 84.8 | 1.6 | 44.1 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 86.5 | 1.6 | 42.4 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 85.9 | 1.6 | 43.0 | 1.1 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 84.6 | 1.6 | 44.2 | 1.1 | |||
| Vitamin Ea, mg/d | Current | 0 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 82.6 | 0.9 | ||
| Breads | 25 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 82.9 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 50 | 8.7 | 0.1 | 83.1 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads | 100 | 8.7 | 0.1 | 83.7 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 25 | 8.7 | 0.1 | 83.7 | 0.8 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 50 | 8.5 | 0.1 | 84.7 | 0.9 | |||
| Breads + RTEC | 100 | 8.2 | 0.1 | 86.8 | 0.7 | |||
| All Grains | 25 | 8.6 | 0.1 | 84.2 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 50 | 8.4 | 0.1 | 85.5 | 0.8 | |||
| All Grains | 100 | 8.0 | 0.1 | 88.0 | 0.7 | |||
a
as alpha-tocopherol; EAR, Estimated Average Requirement; AI, Adequate Intake.
The data source is NHANES 2009–2016; N = 9,641; Usual intake determined using the National Cancer Institute method.
*
Current dietary pattern using data from NHANES 2009–2016.