Table 1.
Summary of human genes associated with COVID-19
| Locus | Gene(s) or genotype | Variant(s) or allele(s) or haplotype(s) | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk | Protective | Uncertain | |||
| 2q24.2 | IFIH1 | / | rs1990760 | / | 102,103 |
| 3p21.31 | SLC6A20 | / | / | / | 104–108 |
| LZTFL1 | rs11385942 | / | / | ||
| FYCO1 | / | / | / | ||
| CXCR6 | / | / | / | ||
| XCR1 | / | / | / | ||
| CCR9 | / | / | / | ||
| 6p21.3 | HLA | HLA-A*11 | HLA-A*02:02 | HLA-A*02:01 | 9,15,16,18,97,115,117–127,130 |
| HLA-A*25 | HLA-A*02:03 | ||||
| HLA-A*25:01 | HLA-A*02:05 | ||||
| HLA-A*25:02 | HLA-A*02:06 | ||||
| HLA-B*08 | HLA-A*02:09 | ||||
| HLA-B*15:01 | HLA-A*02:11 | ||||
| HLA-B*15:27 | HLA-A*02:12 | ||||
| HLA-B*27:07 | HLA-A*02:22 | ||||
| HLA-B*44 | HLA-A*02:24 | ||||
| HLA-B*46:01 | HLA-A*02:35 | ||||
| HLA-B*51 | HLA-A*02:40 | ||||
| HLA-B*54:01 | HLA-A*11:01 | ||||
| HLA-B*55:01 | HLA-A*24:02 | ||||
| HLA-B*55:07 | HLA-B*14 | ||||
| HLA-B*55:12 | HLA-B*15:03 | ||||
| HLA-B*56:01 | HLA-B*18 | ||||
| HLA-C*01 | HLA-B*49 | ||||
| HLA-C*01:02 | HLA-B*52:01 | ||||
| HLA-C*03 | HLA-C*12:02 | ||||
| HLA-C*04:01 | HLA-C*12:03 | ||||
| HLA-C*05 | HLA-DRB1*12:01 | ||||
| HLA-DRB1*01:01 | HLA-DPB1*03:01 | ||||
| HLA-DRB1*14:04 | HLA-A*02:01-B*18:01-C*07:01-DRB1*11:04 | ||||
| HLA-DRB1*15:01 | HLA-A*02:05-B*58:01-DRB1*08:01 | ||||
| HLA-DQA1*01:01 | HLA-A*02:05-B*58:01-C*07:01 | ||||
| HLA-DQA1_509 | |||||
| HLA-DQB1*04 | |||||
| HLA-DQB1*06:02 | |||||
| HLA-A*11:01-B*51:01-C*14:02 | |||||
| HLA-A*01:01-B*08:01-C*07:01-DRB1*03:01 | |||||
| 9q34.2 | ABO | rs495828 | / | / | 104,135,137–139 |
| rs8176746 | |||||
| rs657152 | |||||
| rs8176746–rs8176740–rs495828–rs12683493 | |||||
| 9q34.3 | DPP7 | 1-bp insertion | / | / | 106 |
| 11p15.5 | IFITM3 | rs12252 | / | / | 141–146 |
| rs34481144 | |||||
| 12q24.33 | GOLGA3 | rs143359233 | / | / | 106 |
| 13q12.3 | HMGB1 | / | / | / | 149,150 |
| 15q26.1 | FURIN | rs6226 | rs4702 | / | 20,70,151 |
| rs8039305 | rs769208985 | ||||
| 17q23.3 | ACE | D-allele | I-allele | / | 80,86,154–158 |
| 19q13.32 | APOE | ε4ε4 genotype | / | / | 160–163 |
| 21q22.3 | TMPRSS2 | rs61299115 | p.Asp435Tyr | rs12329760 | 106,165–171 |
| rs4303794 | |||||
| rs11088551 | |||||
| rs8134378 | |||||
| rs2070788 | |||||
| rs464397 | |||||
| rs469390 | |||||
| rs383510 | |||||
| rs2070788–rs9974589–rs7364083–rs8134378 | |||||
| rs463727–rs34624090–rs55964536–rs734056–rs4290734–-rs34783969–rs11702475–rs35899679–rs35041537 | |||||
| Xp22.2 | TLR7 | p.Ser301Pro | / | / | 181,182 |
| rs2042915990 | |||||
| rs200553089 | |||||
| rs189681811 | |||||
| rs147244662 | |||||
| Xp22.22 | ACE2 | rs4646114 | rs2285666 | / | 4,8,17,151,152,165,166,168,171,183,184,191–197 |
| rs4646115 | rs2106809 | ||||
| rs4646116 | rs73635825 | ||||
| rs191860450 | rs766996587 | ||||
| p.Arg514Gly | rs1448326240 | ||||
| rs41303171 | rs143936283 | ||||
| p.Leu351Val | |||||
| rs961360700 | |||||
| rs1396769231 | |||||
| rs762890235 | |||||
| p.Arg708Trp | |||||
| p.Arg710Cys | |||||
| p.Arg710His | |||||
| p.Arg716Cys | |||||
| Xq12 | AR | Shorter CAG repeat | / | / | 101,176,200–203 |
IFIH1 the interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 gene, SLC6A20 the solute carrier protein family 6 member 20 gene, LZTFL1 the leucine zipper transcription factor like 1 gene, FYCO1 the FYVE and coiled-coil domain autophagy adaptor 1 gene, CXCR6 the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6 gene, XCR1 the X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 gene, CCR9 the C-C motif chemokine receptor 9 gene, HLA human leukocyte antigen, ABO the ABO, alpha 1–3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and alpha 1–3-galactosyltransferase gene, DPP7 the dipeptidyl peptidase 7 gene, IFITM3 the interferon induced transmembrane protein 3 gene, GOLGA3 the golgin A3 gene, HMGB1 the high-mobility group box 1 gene, FURIN the furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme gene, ACE the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, APOE the apolipoprotein E gene, TMPRSS2 the transmembrane protease serine 2 gene, TLR7 the Toll-like receptor 7 gene, ACE2 the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene, AR the androgen receptor gene.