Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis for risk indicators of AKI development during hospitalization in patients with COVID-19
| Model 1† |
Model 2‡ |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| odds ratio | 95% CI | p value* | odds ratio | 95% CI | p value* | |
| Age | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | 0.001 | |||
| Male sex | 5.83 | 3.71–9.16 | <0.001 | 11.27 | 5.97–21.26 | <0.001 |
| Severity | 1.90 | 1.26–2.86 | 0.002 | 2.27 | 1.35–3.83 | 0.002 |
| Hypertension | 2.26 | 1.57–3.25 | <0.001 | 1.69 | 1.03–2.79 | 0.039 |
| DM | 2.07 | 1.42–3.03 | <0.001 | |||
| Cardiac disease | 2.04 | 1.27–3.27 | 0.003 | |||
| CKD | 10.21 | 2.95–35.33 | <0.001 | 6.89 | 1.57–30.18 | 0.010 |
| ACEI/ARB | 2.37 | 1.53–3.69 | <0.001 | |||
| NLR | 1.03 | 1.00–1.05 | 0.047 | |||
| Urea (mg/dL) | 1.04 | 1.03–1.05 | <0.001 | 1.04 | 1.03–1.05 | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | <0.001 | |||
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II, receptor blocker; AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; DM, diabetes mellitus; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.
*
Statistically significant p values are bolded.
†
Univariate binary logistic regression.
‡
Multivariate binary logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, DM, cardiac disease, CKD, history of ACEI/ARB, NLR, urea, and CRP.