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Gut microbiota metabolites and the associated metabolic signaling pathway. TMAO, BAs, SCFAs, BCAAs are the metabolites that are produced by the gut microbiota. Conversely, LPS is a component of the cell wall of gut bacteria. All are capable of activating specific signaling pathways. TMAO, Trimethylamine Oxide; BAs, bile acids; SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; BCAAs, Branched-Chain Amino Acids; LPS, Lipopolysaccharides.
