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mRNA structural elements and their effect of modifications
| Structural Element | Modification | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Untranslated regions (UTR’s) | Length and structure | Modulate translation efficiency |
| 5′ Capping | Cap structure | Increase protein synthesis, stability |
| Open reading frame (ORF) | Codon optimization, sequence modification | Enhance protein expression |
| Poly(A) tail | Tail elongation | Increase Stability, translational efficiency |
