Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Berberine Hydrochloride (BBR) in the Systemic Circulation, Portal Vein, and Livers of Mice Receiving 200 mg/kg Oral BBR, The Complex of the Nanoparticles and BBR (Nnps-BBR), and Coptidis Rhizoma Extract, Which All Contained the Corresponding Dosage of BBR (Mean ± SD, n = 6)
| Samples | Parameters | BBR | Nnps-BBR | Coptidis Rhizoma |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic circulation | Tmax (h) | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 |
| Cmax (ng/mL) | 37.6 | 44.4 | 45.9 | |
| T1/2 (h) | 1.66 | 2.41 | 3.20 | |
| AUC0–12h (ng·h/mL) | 199.3 | 268.9 | 351.2 | |
| AUC0-∞ (ng·h/mL) | 201.1 | 285.1 | 393.9 | |
| MRT (h) | 3.95 | 4.67 | 5.34 | |
| Portal vein | T1/2 (h) | 1.60 | 2.89 | 1.43 |
| Tmax (h) | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Cmax (ng/mL) | 310.2 | 1182.3 | 970.5 | |
| AUC0–12h (ng·h/mL) | 1447.0 | 2842.8 | 2480.9 | |
| AUC0-∞ (ng·h/mL) | 1460.7 | 2902.8 | 2489.1 | |
| MRT (h) | 3.22 | 2.21 | 2.47 | |
| Livers | T1/2 (h) | 2.63 | 3.48 | 1.45 |
| Tmax (h) | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Cmax (ng/g liver) | 9137.7 | 33,677.8 | 30,878.4 | |
| AUC0–12h (ng·h/g liver) | 43,586.2 | 95,443.2 | 112,942.0 | |
| AUC0-∞ (ng·h/g liver) | 45,841.1 | 101,503.0 | 113,426.1 | |
| MRT (h) | 3.64 | 2.89 | 2.85 |
Abbreviations: AUC, the area under the concentration time curve; Cmax, peak concentration; MRT, mean retention time; T1/2, elimination half-life; Tmax, time to reach peak concentration.