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. 2021 Mar 5;23(5):520–526. doi: 10.4103/aja.aja_3_21

Table 1.

Association of dichotomous variables levels for clinical characteristics with IIEF-5 and AMS

Parameters (Group I vs Group II) Participants (Group I vs Group II), n (%) Scale Group I vs Group II, mean (95% CI)a Difference between Group I and Group II, mean (95% CI)a bP for difference
Ethnicity (Caucasian vs non−Caucasian) 877 (89.9) vs 98 (10.1) IIEF-5 6.3 (6.0−6.7) vs 5.1 (4.2−6.0) 1.2 (0.3−2.2) 0.032
AMSsom 6.2 (5.9−6.5) vs 5.7 (4.8−6.6) 0.5 (−0.4−1.4) 0.30
AMSpsy 3.4 (3.2−3.6) vs 2.9 (2.2−3.5) 0.5 (−0.2−1.2) 0.13
AMSsex 5.0 (4.7−5.2) vs 4.7 (4.0−5.4) 0.3 (−0.4−1.1) 0.41
AMSglo 14.6 (13.9−15.2) vs 13.2 (11.3−15.0) 1.4 (−0.6−3.3) 0.18
Obesity (BMI <30 kg m-2 vs BMI ≥30 kg m-2) 850 (83.9) vs 163 (16.1) IIEF-5 6.1 (5.7−6.4) vs 7.0 (6.2−7.8) −0.9 (−1.8−0.005) 0.030
AMSsom 6.0 (5.7−6.3) vs 6.7 (5.9−7.4) −0.6 (−1.4−0.1) 0.10
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.1−3.6) vs 3.4 (2.9−3.9) −0.1 (−0.6−0.5) 0.84
AMSsex 4.9 (4.7−5.1) vs 5.2 (4.6−5.8) −0.3 (−0.9−0.4) 0.39
AMSglo 14.3 (13.6−14.9) vs 15.2 (13.7−16.7) −1.0 (−2.6−0.8) 0.23
Waist circumference (<102 cm vs ≥102 cm) 563 (60.8) vs 363 (39.2) IIEF-5 5.8 (5.4−6.2) vs 7.2 (6.7−7.8) −1.4 (−2.1− −0.8) 0.0002
AMSsom 5.8 (5.5−6.2) vs 6.6 (6.1−7.1) −0.8 (−1.3− −0.2) 0.015
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.0−3.6) vs 3.5 (3.2−3.9) −0.2 (−0.7−0.2) 0.29
AMSsex 4.8 (4.5−5.0) vs 5.4 (5.1−5.8) −0.7 (−1.1− −0.2) 0.006
AMSglo 13.9 (13.1−14.6) vs 15.5 (14.4−16.5) −1.6 (−2.9−0.4) 0.007
Metabolic syndrome (no vs yes) 849 (83.6) vs 167 (16.4) IIEF-5 5.9 (5.6−6.3) vs 7.8 (6.9−8.5) −1.8 (−2.7− −0.9) 0.0002
AMSsom 5.9 (5.6−6.2) vs 7.2 (6.4−7.8) −1.2 (−2.0−0.4) 0.002
AMSpsy 3.2 (3.0−3.5) vs 3.9 (3.4−4.4) −0.7 (−1.2− −0.1) 0.021
AMSsex 4.8 (4.6−5.0) vs 5.7 (5.1−6.3) −0.9 (−1.5− −0.2) 0.006
AMSglo 14.0 (13.4−14.6) vs 16.7 (15.2−18.2) −2.8 (−4.4− −1.1) 0.001
Diabetes mellitus (reported by patient), no vs yes 916 (90.8) vs 93 (9.2) IIEF-5 6.1 (5.8−6.4) vs 7.4 (6.4−8.5) −1.3 (−2.4− −0.2) 0.014
AMSsom 6.0 (5.7−6.3) vs 7.1 (6.2−8.1) −1.1 (−2.1− −0.2) 0.022
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.1−3.5) vs 3.7 (3.0−4.4) −0.4 (−1.1−0.3) 0.29
AMSsex 4.9 (4.7−5.1) vs 5.4 (4.7−6.1) −0.5 (−1.2−0.2) 0.17
AMSglo 14.3 (13.6−14.9) vs 16.2 (14.3−18.2) −2.0 (−4.0− −0.02) 0.052
Cardiovascular disorder (reported by patient), no vs yes 933 (92.5) vs 76 (7.5) IIEF-5 6.1 (5.8−6.4) vs 8.0 (8.8−9.2) −1.9 (−3.2− −0.7) 0.001
AMSsom 6.1 (5.8−6.3) vs 7.0 (5.9−8.0) −0.9 (−2.0−0.2) 0.08
AMSpsy 3.4 (3.1−3.6) vs 3.1 (2.5−3.8) 0.2 (−0.5−0.9) 0.58
AMSsex 4.9 (4.7−5.1) vs 6.0 (5.1−6.8) −1.1 (−1.9− −0.2) 0.010
AMSglo 14.3 (13.7−14.9) vs 16.1 (11.1−17.8) −1.8 (−3.9−0.3) 0.10
High blood pressure (reported by patient), no vs yes 642 (63.8) vs 364 (36.2) IIEF-5 5.6 (5.2−6.0) vs 7.3 (6.8−7.8) −1.7 (−2.3− −1.0) 0.0002
AMSsom 5.9 (5.6−6.3) vs 6.5 (6.1−6.9) −0.5 (−1.1−0.01) 0.06
AMSpsy 3.1 (2.9−34) vs 3.7 (3.4−4.1) −0.6 (−1.0− −0.2) 0.008
AMSsex 4.6 (4.2−4.9) vs 5.5 (5.2−5.9) −0.9 (−1.4− −0.5) 0.0002
AMSglo 13.8 (12.9−14.4) vs 15.7 (14.8−16.7) −2.0 (−3.2− −0.9) 0.001
HDL cholesterol (≥40 mg dl-1vs <40 mg dl-1) 580 (76.3) vs 180 (23.7) IIEF-5 6.3 (5.9−6.7) vs 6.5 (5.8−7.2) −0.1 (−0.9−0.7) 0.77
AMSsom 5.9 (5.5−6.2) vs 6.8 (6.1−7.5) −1.0 (−1.8− −0.2) 0.013
AMSpsy 3.4 (3.1−3.7) vs 3.4 (2.9−3.8) −004 (−0.548−0.579) 0.99
AMSsex 5.0 (4.7−5.3) vs 5.1 (4.6−5.6) −0.1 (−0.7−0.5) 0.74
AMSglo 14.3 (13.5−15.0) vs 15.3 (13.9−16.8) −1.0 (−2.7−0.7) 0.19
Triglycerides (<1.5 g l-1 vs ≥1.5 g l-1) 499 (70.4) vs 209 (29.6) IIEF-5 6.3 (5.8−6.8) vs 6.3 (5.6−7.0) −01 (−0.88−0.80) 0.96
AMSsom 6.0 (5.6−6.4) vs 6.2 (5.6−6.8) −.0.3 (−0.9−0.5) 0.50
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.0-3.6) vs 3.5 (3.0-3.9) −0.2 (−0.7−0.4) 0.58
AMSsex 4.9 (5.6−5.2) vs 5.5 (5.0−5.9) −0.6 (−1.1−0.01) 0.052
AMSglo 14.2 (13.3−15.0) vs 15.1 (13.9−16.3) −1.0 (−2.5−0.5) 0.20
Blood sugar (≤1 g l-1 vs >1 g l-1) 519 (66.7) vs 248 (33.3) IIEF-5 6.0 (5.6−6.5) vs 7.1 (6.5−7.8) −1.1 (−1.9− −0.2) 0.007
AMSsom 5.8 (5.4−6.2) vs 6.9 (6.3−7.5) −1.1 (−1.8− −0.4) 0.002
AMSpsy 3.1 (2.8−3.4) vs 4.2 (3.7−4.6) −1.1 (−1.6− −0.5) 0.0002
AMSsex 4.9 (4.6−5.2) vs 5.5 (5.0−6.0) −0.6 (−1.2−0.1) 0.030
AMSglo 13.8 (13.0−14.6) vs 16.6 (15.4−17.9) −2.8 (−4.4− −1.3) 0.0006
Concomitant medication (at least one vs none) 639 (85.3) vs 380 (14.7) IIEF-5 6.9 (6.5−7.3) vs 5.1 (4.7−5.6) 1.7 (1.1−2.3) 0.0002
AMSsom 6.5 (6.2−6.9) vs 5.4 (5.0−5.8) 1.1 (0.5−1.7) 0.0002
AMSpsy 3.6 (3.3−3.9) vs 2.9 (2.6−3.3) 0.7 (0.2−1.1) 0.003
AMSsex 5.4 (5.1−5.6) vs 4.3 (3.9−4.6) −1.1 (0.7−1.5) 0.0002
AMSglo 15.5 (14.7−16.2) vs 12.6 (11.7−13.5) 2.9 (1.7−4.1) 0.0002
TNM (biopsy), T1 vs T2 459 (51.5) vs 432 (48.5) IIEF-5 6.0 (5.5−6.4) vs 6.3 (5.8−6.8) −0.3 (−1.0−0.3) 0.31
AMSsom 6.1 (5.7−6.5) vs 6.1 (5.6−6.5) 0.01 (−0.59−0.61) 0.98
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.0−3.6) vs 3.5 (3.2−3.8) −0.2 (−0.7−0.2) 0.36
AMSsex 4.9 (4.6−5.2) vs 4.9 (4.5−5.2) 0.02 (−0.44−0.46) 0.94
AMSglo 14.2 (13.4−15.1) vs 14.4 (13.5−15.3) −0.2 (−1.4−1.1) 0.79
Dominant grade for biopsy (≤3 vs ≥4) 782 (78.0) vs 220 (12.0) IIEF-5 6.2 (5.8−6.5) vs 6.2 (5.5−6.9) −0.02 (−0.78−0.79) 0.96
AMSsom 6.2 (5.9−6.6) vs 5.6 (5.0−6.2) 0.6 (0.01−1.3) 0.07
AMSpsy 3.4 (3.1−3.6) vs 3.3 (2.8−3.7) 0.1 (−0.4−0.6) 0.75
AMSsex 4.9 (4.7−5.2) vs 5.1 (4.6−5.6) −0.2 (−0.7−0.4) 0.55
AMSglo 14.5 (13.9−15.2) vs 14.0 (12.7−15.2) 0.6 (−0.8−2.0) 0.43
Bioavailable testosteronec (≥0.8 µg ml-1 vs <0.8 µg ml-1) 891 (87.7) vs 125 (12.3) IIEF-5 6.0 (5.7−6.4) vs 7.4 (6.5−8.3) −1.4 (−2.3− −0.4) 0.004
AMSsom 6.1 (5.8−6.4) vs 6.0 (5.3−6.8) 0.1 (−0.7−0.9) 0.83
AMSpsy 3.4 (3.1−3.6) vs 3.2 (2.6−3.7) 0.2 (−0.4−0.8) 0.49
AMSsex 4.9 (4.6−5.1) vs 5.7 (5.0−6.3) −0.8 (−1.5− −0.1) 0.029
AMSglo 14.3 (13.7−14.9) vs 14.8 (13.1−16.5) −0.5 (−2.2−1.3) 0.58
Total testosterone (≥3.0 µg ml-1 vs <3.0 µg ml-1) 911 (89.5) vs 107 (10.5) IIEF-5 6.1 (5.8−6.4) vs 7.1 (6.1−8.1) −1.0 (−2.1−0.1) 0.06
AMSsom 6.0 (5.8−6.3) vs 6.7 (5.9−7.5) −0.6 (−1.5−0.2) 0.17
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.1−3.5) vs 3.7 (3.1−4.4) −0.4 (−1.2−0.3) 0.19
AMSsex 4.9 (4.6−5.1) vs 5.5 (4.8−6.2) −0.6 (−1.4−0.1) 0.09
AMSglo 14.2 (13.6−14.8) vs 15.9 (14.2−17.8) −1.6 (−3.7−0.2) 0.08
Hypogonadism (bioavailable testosterone <0.8 µg ml-1 or total testosterone <3.0 µg ml-1), no vs yes 826 (81.3) vs 189 (18.7) IIEF-5 6.0 (5.7−6.3) vs 7.2 (6.5−7.9) −1.2 (−2.0− −0.4) 0.003
AMSsom 6.0 (5.7−6.3) vs 6.4 (5.8−7.1) −0.4 (−1.1−0.3) 0.26
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.1−3.6) vs 3.4 (3.0−3.9) −0.1 (−0.6−0.4) 0.71
AMSsex 4.8 (5.6−5.1) vs 5.5 (4.9−6.0) −0.6 (−1.3− −0.1) 0.026
AMSglo 14.2 (13.6−14.8) vs 15.3 (13.9−16.7) −1.1 (−2.6−0.4) 0.13
Grade prostate anatomopathology (Grade 3 dominant vs Grade 4 dominant) 699 (68.6) vs 320 (31.4) IIEF-5 6.1 (5.7−6.5) vs 6.5 (5.9−7.0) −0.3 (−1.0−0.3) 0.34
AMSsom 6.1 (5.8−6.4) vs 6.1 (5.6−6.6) −0.03 (−0.62−0.57) 0.92
AMSpsy 3.3 (3.0−3.5) vs 3.5 (3.1−3.9) −0.2 (−0.7−0.2) 0.29
AMSsex 4.9 (4.6−5.1) vs 5.1 (4.7−5.5) −0.2 (−0.7−0.2) 0.31
AMSglo 14.3 (13.6−14.9) vs 14.8 (13.6−15.9) −0.5 (−1.7−0.8) 0.43
Adenopathy detected at surgery (no vs yes) 472 (93.7) vs 32 (6.3) IIEF-5 6.4 (5.9−6.9) vs 7.3 (5.2−9.2) −0.9 (−2.8−1.2) 0.38
AMSsom 6.0 (5.6−6.4) vs 6.3 (4.9−7.7) −0.3 (−1.7−1.2) 0.72
AMSpsy 3.5 (3.2−3.8) vs 3.3 (2.1−4.5) 0.2 (−1.0−1.5) 0.79
AMSsex 5.0 (4.7−5.3) vs 5.9 (4.7−7.1) −0.9 (−2.1−0.4) 0.19
AMSglo 14.5 (13.7−15.3) vs 15.5 (12.5−18.4) −1.0 (−3.9−2.2) 0.58

aBootstrap (3000 replications); bpermutation t-test accounting for equal/unequal group variances (5000 permutations); calso applies to free testosterone, which is calculated as a mathematical function of bioavailable testosterone. BMI: body mass index; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; TNM: T for primary tumor, N for regional lymph node metastases, M for distant metastases; IIEF-5: the International Index of Erectile Function 5-item; AMS: Aging Male Symptom; AMSsom: somatic subscale of the AMS score; AMSpsy: psychological subscale of the AMS score; AMSsex: sexual subscale of the AMS score; AMSglo: AMS global score; CI: confidence interval