Table 2.
Sociodemographic characteristics and descriptive statistics of the whole cohort according to substances of abuse use (n=7447)
| Parameters | Never users | Former users | Current users | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n (%) | 6879 (92.4) | 378 (5.1) | 190 (2.6) | |
| Age (year) | <0.001 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 43 (34–58) | 35 (30–42)* | 34 (30–41)* | |
| Range | 18–85 | 18–85 | 18–66 | |
| BMI (kg m−2) | <0.01 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 25 (23–27) | 25 (22–26)* | 25 (23–27) | |
| Range | 15–51 | 18–39 | 18–42 | |
| CCI score | <0.001 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | |
| Mean (s.d.) | 0.2 (0.3) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.2) | |
| Range | 0–9 | 0–6 | 0–8 | |
| CCI ≥1, n (%) | 1049 (15.2) | 36 (9.5) | 14 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Nonsmokers/former smokers | 5255 (76.4) | 183 (48.5) | 58 (30.6) | |
| Active smokers | 1624 (23.6) | 195 (51.5) | 132 (69.4) | |
| Smoking quantity, n (%) | 0.02 | |||
| Moderate smokers | 1041 (15.1) | 123 (32.5) | 67 (35.2) | |
| Heavy smokers | 583 (8.5) | 72 (19.0) | 65 (34.2) | |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 1217 (17.7) | 31 (8.2) | 13 (6.8) | |
| Active consumption | 5662 (82.3) | 347 (91.8) | 177 (93.2) | |
| Alcohol quantity, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Moderate drinkers | 4088 (59.4) | 222 (58.7) | 109 (57.3) | |
| Heavy drinkers | 1574 (22.8) | 125 (33.1) | 68 (35.7) | |
| Type of SoA, n (%) | ||||
| Cannabis/marijuana/hashish | – | 353 (93.4) | 147 (77.4) | 0.001 |
| Cocaine | – | 84 (22.2) | 53 (27.9) | 0.14 |
| Heroin (different forms) | – | 7 (1.9) | 10 (5.3) | 0.02 |
| Other illicit drugs | – | 2 (0.5) | 23 (12.1) | 0.01 |
P value according to the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Fisher’s exact test, as indicated. *P<0.01 for selected group versus never users. BMI: body mass index; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; SoA: substances of abuse; –: no data; s.d.: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range