TABLE 3.
In‐hospital outcomes stratified by timing of insertion of Impella 2.5 and CP in relation to the interventional procedure in patients with cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
| Combined (N = 147) | Before (N = 55) | During/after (N = 92) | p‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In‐hospital outcomes | ||||
| Death | 44% (64) | 29%16 | 52% (48) | <.01 |
| Life‐threatening or severe bleeding | 13%19 | 7%4 | 16%15 | .11 |
| Number of red blood cell transfusions | 2 [5;14] | 2 [5;12] | 2 [5;14] | .58 |
| Device‐related complications | 35% (52) | 29%16 | 39% (36) | .29 |
| Access‐site bleeding | 12%17 | 11%6 | 12%11 | 1 |
| Limb ischemia | 15%21 | 17%9 | 19%17 | .46 |
| Need for endovascular intervention | 7%10 | 7%4 | 7%1 | 1 |
| Aortic injury | 1%1 | 0% (0) | 1%1 | 1 |
| Left ventricular perforation | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | NA |
| Sepsis | 30% (42) | 31%17 | 29%25 | .85 |
| Acute kidney injurya | 53% (70) | 38%18 | 61% (52) | .02 |
| Need for renal replacement therapy | 27% (38) | 21%11 | 31% (27) | .23 |
| Escalation therapyb | 19% (27) | 17%9 | 20%18 | .68 |
| LVEF at discharge, % | 33 [25;42] | 33 [25;42] | 33 [25;45] | .62 |
Note: In‐hospital outcomes are reported as n (%) or median (interquartile range) as appropriate.
Abbreviation: LVEF, left‐ventricular ejection fraction.
a
Defined as a serum creatinine increase ≥0.3 mg/dl from baseline.
b
Defined as the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, other left ventricular assist device implantation or heart transplant.