TABLE 1.

The main cells involved in angiogenesis process.

Cells types	Main function during angiogenesis
Endothelial cells	Line blood vessels having a quiescent behavior in normal conditions
Tip cells	Cells leading to the formation of new vessel branches. They are motile, invasive, highly polarized with a large number of long filopodial protrusions which can extend, lead and guide endothelial sprouts in their environment
Stalk cells	Form a lumenized tube growing behind the tip cells, proliferate, elongate the sprouts and construct blood circulation under suitable conditions.
Phalanx cells	Emerge in the final step during angiogenesis by lining vessels once the new vessel branches have been consolidated and also are engaged in optimizing blood flow, tissue perfusion, and oxygenation
Mural cells: pericytes and smooth muscle cells	Contribute to vessel lumen formation by strong cell-cell adhesion and tight junctions, are embedded in a thick basement membrane, and remain attached.