Table 5. Multilevel regression analysis of diarrhea among under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa.
| Diarrhea | Odds ratio | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Yes, No (%) | No, No (%) | COR(95%CI) | AOR(95%CI) |
| Age of mothers (in years) | ||||
| 15–24 | 18,056 (18.8) | 78,196 (81.2) | 1.48(1.44–1.52) | 1.26(1.23–1.30)* |
| 25–34 | 23,885 (15.0) | 135,792 (85.0) | 1.15(1.12–1.18) | 1.10(1.08–1.13)* |
| 35 and above | 9,963 (13.3) | 64,970 (86.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 15,584 (15.2) | 86,794 (84.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 36,321 (15.9) | 192,165 (84.1) | 1.08(1.06–1.10) | 0.97(0.94–1.01) |
| Region | ||||
| East Africa | 16,922 (16.0) | 88,305 (84.0) | 1.16(1.12–1.19) | 1.15(1.11–1.18)* |
| West Africa | 16,278. (14.4) | 96,569 (85.6) | 1.04(1.01–1.07) | 0.99(0.97–1.03) |
| South Africa | 7,183 (14.6) | 42,061 (85.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Central Africa | 11,520 (18.1) | 52,022 (81.8) | 1.31(1.27–1.35) | 1.25(1.21–1.29)* |
| Education level of mothers | ||||
| No education | 19,799 (15.5) | 107,447 (84.5) | 1.69(1.58–1.81) | 1.69(1.57–1.82)* |
| Primary | 19,305 (16.8) | 95,490 (83.2) | 1.87(1.74–2.00) | 1.73(1.61–1.86)* |
| Secondary | 11,676 (15.0) | 65,852 (85.0) | 1.61(1.49–1.72) | 1.49(1.38–1.59)* |
| Higher | 1,124 (10.0) | 10,168 (90.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Mothers’ occupational status | ||||
| working | 11,632 (16.0) | 61,026 (84.0) | 1.07(1.05–1.09) | 1.12(1.10–1.15)* |
| not working | 9,902 (15.5) | 54,007 (84.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Number of under5 children | ||||
| ≤2 | 37,643 (15.6) | 203,431 (84.4) | 1 | 1 |
| 3–4 | 11,679 (84.4) | 11,679 (15.6) | 0.99 (.97–1.01) | 0.98(0.96–1.01) |
| ≥5 | 12,377 (82.7) | 2,583 (17.3) | 1.13 (1.08–1.18) | 1.14(1.09–1.19)* |
| Wealth index | ||||
| Poorest | 12,384 (16.6) | 62,073 (83.4) | 1.27(1.23–1.31) | 1.14(1.10–1.19)* |
| Poorer | 11,818 (16.4) | 60,078 (83.6) | 1.24(1.19–1.27) | 1.12(1.08–1.17)* |
| Middle | 10,146 (15.3) | 56,364 (84.7) | 1.15(1.11–1.19) | 1.06(1.02–1.10)* |
| Richer | 9,874 (15.8) | 52,770 (84.2) | 1.14(1.09–1.18) | 1.08(1.04–1.12)* |
| Richest | 7,681 (13.9) | 47,672 (86.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Age of child (months) | ||||
| 0–11 | 13,152 (18.6) | 57,432(81.4) | 1 | 1 |
| 12–23 | 16,991 (25.5) | 49,677 (74.5) | 1.48(1.44–1.52) | 1.50(1.46–1.54)* |
| 24–35 | 10,631 (16.5) | 53,730 (83.5) | 0.86(0.83–0.88) | 0.87(0.85–0.89)* |
| 36–47 | 6,681 (10.2) | 59,028 (89.8) | 0.49(0.48–0.51) | 0.49(0.48–0.52)* |
| 48–59 | 4,449 (7.0) | 59,090 (93.0) | 0.33(0.31–0.34) | 0.34(0.32–0.35)* |
| Breast feeding duration(in month) | ||||
| 0–23 months | 48,097 (15.9) | 255,231 (84.1) | 1 | 1 |
| 24–59 months | 3,808 (13.8) | 23,728 (86.2) | 0.85(0.82–0.86) | 0.97(0.93–1.00) |
| Initiation of breast feeding | ||||
| Within 1 hr. | 25,507 (14.5) | 150,268 (85.5) | 1 | 1 |
| After 1 hr. | 26,398(17.0) | 128,691 (83.0) | 1.18 (1.16–1.20) | 1.19(1.16–1.21)* |
| Time to get water source | ||||
| <30 minutes | 22,380 (15.4) | 123,085 (84.6) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥30 minutes | 29,495(15.9) | 155,727 (84.1) | 1.01(1.02–1.03) | 1.03(1.01–1.05)* |
*P-value<0.05