TABLE 1.
Maternal, Infant, and Hospital Characteristics and Neonatal Mortality among Infants born with Transposition of the Great Arteries, Texas, 1999 to 2007
| All N = 468 | Survivors N = 448 | Non-Survivors N = 20 | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Prenatal diagnosis, no. (%) | 48 (10) | 46 (10) | 2 (10) | 1.00 |
| Median time to CSC, minutes (IQR) | 17.3 (4.9–83) | 17.5 (4.9–83) | 15.3 (9.2–42) | 0.51 |
| Time to CSC, no. (%)a | ||||
| <10 minutes | 163 (35) | 156 (35) | 7 (35) | 0.60 |
| 10–90 minutes | 193 (41) | 183 (41) | 10 (50) | |
| > 90 minutes | 110 (24) | 107 (24) | 3 (15) | |
| Maternal race/ethnicity, no. (%)a | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 191 (42) | 182 (42) | 9 (47) | 0.39 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 33 (7.3) | 31 (7.1) | 2 (11) | |
| Hispanic | 219 (48) | 212 (49) | 7 (37) | |
| Other | 12 (2.6) | 11 (2.5) | 1 (5.3) | |
| Maternal age, no. (%) | ||||
| <20 years | 51 (11) | 48 (11) | 3 (15) | 0.32 |
| 20–29 years | 238 (51) | 231 (52) | 7 (35) | |
| 30–39 years | 167 (36) | 159 (36) | 8 (40) | |
| ≥ 40 years | 12 (2.6) | 10 (2.2) | 2 (10) | 0.72 |
| Maternal education, no. (%)a | ||||
| > 12th grade | 142 (31) | 134 (31) | 8 (40) | |
| 12th grade | 121 (26) | 118 (27) | 3 (15) | |
| < 12th grade | 195 (43) | 186 (43) | 9 (45) | |
| Poverty by census tract >20%, no. (%)a | 139 (30) | 131 (30) | 8 (40) | 0.32 |
| Maternal birth country, no. (%)a | ||||
| United States | 310 (67) | 296 (67) | 14 (70) | 0.47 |
| Mexico | 111 (24) | 108 24) | 3 (15) | |
| Other | 42 (9.1) | 39 (8.8) | 3 (15) | |
| Infant characteristics | ||||
| Birth year, no. (%) | 0.54 | |||
| 1999–2002 | 195 (42) | 188 (42) | 7 (35) | |
| 2003–2007 | 273 (58) | 260 (58) | 13 (65) | |
| Preterm, no. (%) | 54 (12) | 48 (11) | 6 (30) | 0.02 |
| Birth weight < 2500 g, no. (%) | 34 (7.3) | 29 (6.6) | 5 (25.0) | 0.01 |
| SGA, no. (%) | 36 (7.8) | 33 (7.5) | 3 (15) | 0.20 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 310 (66) | 298 (67) | 12 (60) | 0.55 |
| Twin gestation, no. (%) | 18 (3.9) | 15 (3.4) | 3 (15.0) | 0.04 |
| VSD, no. (%)a | ||||
| Absent | 269 (58) | 259 (58) | 10 (50) | 0.47 |
| Present | 196 (42) | 186 (42) | 10 (50) | |
| Coarctation, no. (%) | 27 (5.8) | 26 (5.8) | 1 (5.0) | 1.00 |
| Mild pulmonary stenosis, no. (%) | 22 (4.7) | 21 (4.7) | 1 (5.0) | 1.00 |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| CSC Volume, no. (%)a | ||||
| > 10 TGA/year | 220 (47) | 215 (48) | 5 (25) | <0.0002 |
| 5–10 TGA/year | 98 (21) | 98 (22) | 0 (0.0) | |
| < 5 TGA/year | 125 (26) | 113 (25) | 12 (60) | |
| Intermediate outcomes | ||||
| Age at diagnosisa | 1.00 | |||
| <1 day | 300 (64) | 287 (64) | 13 (65) | |
| 1–2 days | 112 (24) | 107 (24) | 5 (25) | |
| >2 days | 54 (12) | 52 (12) | 2 (10) | |
| Age at surgery in days, median (IQR)a | 6 (4–8) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (5–8) | 0.76 |
| Age at surgery in daysa | 0.21 | |||
| 0–2 days | 49 (13) | 47 (13) | 2 (17) | |
| 3–4 days | 80 (22) | 80 (22) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 5–7 days | 133 (36) | 127 (36) | 6 (50) | |
| >7 days | 107 (29) | 103 (29) | 4 (33) |
a
Data not available for all patients.
IQR, interquartile range; CSC, cardiac surgical center; SGA, small for gestational age; VSD, ventricular septal defect.