Figure 3.

DMD hiPSC-CMs exhibit contractile dysfunction under fibrotic microenvironment challenge

(A) Contractile assessment of DMD hiPSC-CMs using traction force microscopy where hiPSC-CMs were seeded onto micropatterned tunable hydrogel devices.

(B and C) (B) Representative micrographs of contraction force generated by a single hiPSC-CM on 10 or 35 kPa hydrogel (bright field, GFP fluorescent beads, Fourier traction force cytometry) and (C) representative contraction cycles are shown.

(D–G) (D) Force, (E) contraction velocity, (F) relaxation velocity, and (G) cell area of single Con and DMD hiPSC-CMs subjected to 10 and 35 kPa hydrogels were measured (n = 3 independent experiments, 19–143 cells analyzed). Data are shown as violin plots where blue median and gray quartiles are shown. Student's t test was used to calculate significance.