Table 3.

Mixed linear models for PCAT_MA and plaque characteristics

Categories	Basic models			Advanced models
	Estimated fixed effect (95% CI)	Estimated mean (95% CI) (HU)	p value	Estimated fixed effect (95% CI)	Estimated mean (95% CI) (HU)	p value
Models of vessels with and without plaque
Vessels without plaque	0 (Ref)	−96.3 (−97.8; −94.9)	0.026*	0 (0)	−97.2 (−100.0; −94.3)	0.015*
Vessels with plaque	3.7 (1.0; 6.4)	−94.1 (−95.7; −92.5)	0.026	3.9 (1.2;6.7)	−94.7 (−97.5; −92.0)	0.015
Models of vessels with plaque
Type of plaque
Non-calcified (n = 38)	4.5 (−0.6; 9.7)	−90.2 (−93.8; −86.7)	0.001	4.7 (−0.5;9.8)	−89.9 (−94.3; −85.4)	0.001
Mixed (n = 45)	1.3 (−4.3; 6.8)	−94.8 (−98.0; −91.6)	0.329	0.9 (−4.6; 6.5)	−94.6 (−98.6; −90.5)	0.301
Calcified (n = 121)	0 (Ref)	−96.6 (−98.6; −94.5)	0.006*	0(Ref)	−96.5 (−99.8; −93.2)	0.004*
Degree of stenosis
1–24% (n = 59)	0 (Ref)	−94.4 (−97.2; −91.6)	0.073*	0 (Ref)	−94.0 (−97.9; −90.1)	0.079*
25–49% (n = 85)	0.5 (−4.5; 5.5)	−94.1 (−96.5; −91.7)	0.856	0.2 (−4.8; 5.2)	−93.8 (−97.6; −90.1)	0.927
50–69% (n = 26)	5.0 (−5.1; 15.1)	−93.2 (−97.5; −88.8)	0.622	3.7 (−6.5; 13.8)	−93.3 (−98.4; −88.3)	0.798
70–100% (n = 34)	−3.5 (−10.2; 3.2)	−98.8 (−102.2; −95.3)	0.037	−3.6 (−10.3; 3.1)	−98.5 (−102.9; −94.1)	0.030
Plaque component burden
LRNC burden	−0.8 (−1.2; 0.4)		0.009	−0.7 (−1.1; −0.3)		0.014
Calcified plaque burden	−0.3 (−0.9; 0.3)		0.326	−0.3 (−0.9; 0.3)		0.336
Plaque burden	−0.6 (−1.0; −0.2)		0.003	−0.6 (−1.0; −0.2)		0.007

CAD coronary artery disease; CI confidence interval; HU Hounsfield unit; PCATMA pericoronary adipose tissues mean attenuation; LRNC lipid-rich necrosis core. Values are lesion-specific PCAT_MA values, apart from vessels without plaque (proximal PCAT_MA). * is the fixed effect p value of the factor