Fig. 5.

Representative high magnification BSE images of the different bone responses observed due to the surgical trauma and/or AID blasts. Gray = bone and Black = soft tissue/pore space. (A) Native sheep cortical bone from the anterior regions remained in the plexiform state exhibiting no significant response associated with the AID blast. (B) Periosteal response (darker gray) extended from the cortical boundary (CB) on the lateral side of the femur where the bone feathering/roughening occurred. Note the smooth/dense (S) nature of the periosteal response in this region. (C) Ectopic HO bone growth showed a complex hybrid bone structure that resembles human HO. Note the ectopic bone demonstrated a trabecular-like structure with osteon (O) remodeling, areas of hyper-mineralized bone (HMB), as wells as long non-circular lamellae lines (L) at the bone seams.