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. 2021 Sep 7;8:730553. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.730553

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Copyright © 2021 Hatanaka, Ito, Madokoro, Kamikokuryo, Niiyama, Yamada, Maruyama and Kakihana.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Circulating syndecan-1 is associated with fatal outcome. (A) Serum syndecan-1 levels in survivors and non-survivors (n = 81 and 18 on Day 1 and n = 81 and 15 on Day 3, respectively). The lines in the graph indicate the medians with interquartile ranges. The differences between the survivors and non-survivors were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test. **P < 0.01. (B) Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves for prediction of 28-day mortality are shown with respect to the following variables: syndecan-1 on Day 1, syndecan-1 on Day 3, C-reactive protein (CRP) on Day 1, creatinine (Cre) on Day 1, total bilirubin (T-Bil) on Day 1, and lactate on Day 1.