Table 1.
Selected studies demonstrating clinical profiles of ccRCC treatments.
| Trial ID | Compound / FDA Approval Date | Target(s) | n / Phase of Trial | ORR (in %) | OS (Median in months) | PFS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rapalogs | ||||||
| NCT00065468 | Temsirolimus (2007) ^ | mTORC1 | 626/III | 8.6 v 4.8 | 10.9 v 7.3 | 3.8 v 1.9 |
| NCT00510068 | Everolimus (2009) | mTORC1 | 410/III | NR v 8.8 | NR v 8.8 | 4.0 v 1.9 |
| VEGF Inhibitors | ||||||
| NCT00073307 | Sorafenib (2005) | VEGFR, PDFGR, Flt-3, B-Raf | 902/III | 10 v 2 | 17.8 v 15.2 | 5.5 v 2.8 |
| NCT00083889 | Sunitinib (2006) ^ | VEGFR, PDFGR, c-Raf | 750/III | 47 v 12 | 26.4 v 21.8 | 11 v 5 |
| NCT00738530 | Bevacizumab (2009)* | VEGFA | 649/III | 30 v 12 | 23.3 v 21.3 | 10.2 v 5.4 |
| NCT00334282 | Pazopanib (2009) | VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Kit, FGFR | 435/III | 30 v 3 | 22.9 v 20.5 | 9.2 v 4.2 |
| NCT00678392 | Axitinib (2012) ^ | VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Kit | 723/III | 19 v 9 | 20.1 v 19.2 | 8.3 v 5.7 |
| NCT01865747 | Cabozantinib (2016) ^ | VEGFR, c-Met, AXL | 658/III | 17 v 3 | 21.4 v 16.5 | 7.4 v 3.8 |
| NCT01136733 | Lenvatinib (2016)* ^ | VEGFR, FGFR | 153/II | 43 v 6 | 18.5 v 16.5 | 14.6 v 5.5 |
| Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors | ||||||
| NCT02231749 | Nivolumab (2018) ^ | PD-1 | 821/III | 23 v 4 | 25.8 v 19.7 | 4.2 v 4.5 |
| NCT02231749 | Ipilimumab (2018)* ^ | CTLA-4 | 1096/III | 42 v 27 | NR v 26.0 | 11.6 v 8.4 |
| NCT02853331 | Pembrolizumab (2019)* ^ | PD-1 | 861/III | 59.3 v 35.7 | NR v NR | 15.1 v 11.1 |
| NCT02684006 | Avelumab (2019)* ^ | PD-L1 | 886/III | 51.4 v 25.7 | NR v NR | 13.8 v 8.4 |
| HIF-inhibitors | ||||||
| NCT02293980 | PT-2385 | HIF-2α | 51/I | 14 v NR | NR v NR | NR v NR |
| NCT03401788 | MK-6482 | HIF-2α | 61/II | 27.9 v NR | NR v NR | NR v NR |
| RO7070179 | ARO-HIF2 | HIF-2α | 8/Ib | NR v NR | NR v NR | NR v NR |
Asterisked drugs are not monotreatments; comparison treatment is placebo unless marked ^.
ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; NR, not reached/not available.