Table 3.
Demographic and clinical features of the ARDS patients.
| Survivors (N = 168) | Non-survivors (N = 96) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, % male (N) | 66 (111) | 67 (64) | 1.000 |
| Age, mean years ± SD | 62 ± 14 | 66 ± 13 | 0.021 |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 29 ± 7 | 27 ± 5 | 0.192 |
| SAPS, mean ± SD | 47 ± 13 | 54 ± 16 | 0.004 |
| APACHE II score, mean ± SD | 21 ± 7 | 24 ± 7 | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities$, % (N) | 40 (59) | 37 (23) | 0.707 |
| Days in hospital, mean ± SD | 51 ± 35 | 17 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Days in ICU, mean ± SD | 29 ± 26 | 11 ± 7 | <0.001 |
| Organ dysfunction, % (N) | |||
| Cardiovascular | 92 (155) | 93 (89) | 1.000 |
| Neurological systems | 21 (35) | 34 (32) | 0.031 |
| Coagulation | 21 (35 | 36 (35) | 0.009 |
| Hepatic | 12 (20) | 23 (22) | 0.029 |
| Renal | 31 (52) | 52 (50) | 0.001 |
| Respiratory | 94 (158) | 93 (89) | 0.868 |
| Total SOFA#, mean ± SD | 8 ± 4 | 8 ± 5 | 0.834 |
| Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), mean ± SD | 95 ± 33 | 100 ± 44 | 0.627 |
| Sepsis of pulmonary origin, % (N) | 51 (84) | 44 (42) | 0.323 |
| Pathogen, % (N) | |||
| Gram-positive | 29 (32) | 34 (20) | 0.537 |
| Gram-negative | 39 (45) | 31 (18) | 0.320 |
| Others+ | 25 (28) | 31 (18) | 0.511 |
*p-value calculated between survivors and non-survivors. Comparisons for gender, comorbidities, sepsis of pulmonary origin, organ dysfunction, and pathogen were conducted by a chi-square test. The rest of variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test.
$Includes: cancer, age >80 years, hepatopathy, valvular disease, immunodeficiency, severe brain damage, morbid obesity, chronic disease, autoimmune disease, pregnancy, myopathy, pneumonia, and serious recurrent infections.
#Total SOFA: sum of the cardiovascular, neurological systems, coagulation, hepatic, renal and respiratory SOFA scores.
+Includes: mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative infection, fungi, virus and polymicrobial.
APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; BMI, body mass index; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.