Table 1.
Retrospective studies reporting the prevalence of bronchiectasis among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n=12).
| Reference | Year | Country | RA duration, years | Patients with prevalent RA-BR (numerator) | Total RA patients studied, n (denominator) | Prevalence of RA-BR in RA (%) | Chest imaging modality used | Details on review of images and other notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Remy-Jardin et al. | 1994 | France | Mean 12 (SD 8) | n=23 | n=84 | 27.4% | Clinical CT | Two observers blinded to clinical history; Some of the total RA patients had suspected respiratory symptoms |
| Shadick et al. | 1994 | USA | Mean 6.4 | n=23 | n=4,000 | 0.6% | Clinical CT (not on all patients analyzed) | Not reported; Total RA patients studied is approximated |
| Cortet et al. | 1995 | France | Mean 12 (SD 8) | n=23 | n=77 | 30.0% | Clinical HRCT | Two radiologists blinded to clinical history; Some of the total RA patients reported respiratory symptoms |
| Despeaux et al. | 1996 | France | Mean 11.1 | n=12 | n=180 | 6.7% | Clinical CT (not on all patients analyzed) | Not reported; Of the total patients studied, 100 had RA and 80 had BR, but 4/80 BR patients had RA and 8/100 RA patients had BR; Some of the total patients studied reported respiratory symptoms |
| Allain et al. | 1997 | France | Mean 8.12 (SD 7.85) | n=13 | n=453 | 2.9% | Research chest radiographs (not on all patients analyzed) | Probable symptomatic RA-BR defined based on criteria from Walker WC, The lung in RA, MD Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1966, which do not take CT findings into account; research chest CT performed for patients with chronic lower respiratory tract symptoms but no typical evidence of RA-BR on chest radiograph |
| Akira et al. | 1999 | Japan | Not reported | n=15 | n=29 | 52.0% | Clinical CT | Two experienced chest radiologists blinded to clinical history; All patients included had respiratory symptoms |
| Devouassoux et al. | 2009 | France | Mean 7.8 (SD 8.2) | n=10 | n=25 | 40.0% | Clinical HRCT | Research physicians (blinding unspecified); All patients included had respiratory symptoms |
| Kinoshita et al. | 2016 | Japan | Mean 5.0 (SD 3.9) | n=5 | n=25 | 20.0% | Clinical CT | Two chest radiologists blinded to clinical history |
| Alamoudi et al. | 2017 | Saudi Arabia | Mean 3.5 (SD 4.6) | n=31 | n=149 | 20.8% | Clinical HRCT | Two senior radiologists reviewed images (blinding unspecified); Some of the total RA patients reported respiratory symptoms (Excluded 270 patients from analysis due to no scan) |
| Zhang et al. | 2017 | China | Mean 8 (SD 9) | n=76 | n=550 | 13.8% | Clinical HRCT | Not reported; Some of the total RA patients reported respiratory symptoms RA-BR prevalence was higher in RA-ILD (18.1%) compared to RA without ILD (10.5%) |
| Duarte et al. | 2019 | UK | Mean 14 (IQR 8–29 years) | n=31 | n=1129 | 2.7% | Clinical HRCT | Expert thoracic radiologists reviewed in multidisciplinary meeting with radiologists, pulmonologists and rheumatologists (blinding unspecified); Most of the total RA patients reported respiratory symptoms |
| Huang et al. | 2020 | USA | Mean 21.2 (SD 13.2) | n=31 | n=190 | 16.3% | Clinical CT | Clinical report, cases verified by blinded review from two expert chest radiologists; Some of the total RA patients reported respiratory symptoms |
CT, computed tomography; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RA-BR, rheumatoid arthritis-associated bronchiectasis; SD, standard deviation.