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. 2021 Sep 20;4(9):e2125860. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25860

Table 1. Demographic Characteristics and Online Activity Patterns for Case and Control Populations, 2019-2020a.

Group No. Age, mean (SD) [range], yb Sex, No. (%)c Activities, mean (SD)d
Female Male Gmail Google Drive Google Chrome
Cases 227 13.1 (2.18) [7-18] 118 (52) 109 (48) 1270.98 (3559.77) 133.43 (165.10) 1448.10 (2899.59)
Controls 1135 13.3 (2.46) [6-18] 545 (48) 590 (52) 1027.72 (3220.83) 146.90 (383.04) 1125.72 (2723.44)
a

Data from implementation of Bark’s programs and services.

b

Age imputed from grade.

c

Sex imputed from name through analysis of names in US Census data.30

d

Activities refer to the number of discrete online actions, such as sending an email (through Gmail), sharing a message in Google Docs (in the case of Google Drive), or conducting a web search (in the case of Google Chrome).