Table 1.

Primary outcomes included in the systematic review.

Outcome	Background	Tests or assessments used in this set of studies to assess the outcome
Cognition	• General measure of intelligence. Other categories, including those not reviewed, relate to cognition. • Review focuses on the summary scale of intelligence quotient (IQ) or mental development index (MDI).	• Bayley Scales of Infant Development • Wechsler Intelligence Scale • McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities
Motor effects	• Capacity to carry out manual motor activities, including coordination. • Review focuses on the summary scale of psychomotor developmental index (PDI) of or motor subscale.	• Bayley Scales of Infant Development • McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities • Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale • Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency
Behavior	• Broad category that includes dimensions such as anxiety, depression, attention, hyperactivity, aggression, and conduct problems. • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children. • Review focuses on the summary scales of internalizing and externalizing behavior.	• Child Behavior Checklist • Behavior Assessment System for Children-Parent Rating Scales • Conners’ Parent Rating Scales • Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire • Clinical diagnosis (e.g., ICD codes)
Infant behavior	• Includes components of the other categories, but studies are limited to infants. • Review focuses on the subscales in common across tests – arousal, motor, regulation of state, and nonoptimal reflexes.	• Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale • NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Social behavior and autism	• Measure of reciprocal social, repetitive, and stereotypic behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). • Review focuses on summary score of autistic behaviors.	• Social Responsiveness Scale • Social Maturity Scale • Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedules