Table III.
Hypothetical examples of how risk ratios can be confounded across scenarios.
| (i) overestimate | (ii) underestimate | (iii) masked | (iv) reversal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | 3.00 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 0.50 |
| ‘Fully’ Adjusted (Truth/Causal) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
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