Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics
| Variable |
Total population (n = 1234) |
Group 1: GFR ≥ 90 mL min−1 1.73 m−2 (n = 230) |
Group 2: GFR 60‐89 mL min−1 1.73 m−2 (n = 451) |
Group 3: GFR 30‐59 mL min−1 1.73 m−2 (n = 439) |
Group 4: GFR <30 mL min−1 1.73 m−2 (n = 114) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left ventricle and atrium | ||||||
| LV EDD (mm) | 48.9 (±11.7) | 46.3 (±10.5) | 47.2 (±11.2) | 51.3 (±12.3)* , † | 51.2 (±10.7)* , † | <0.001 |
| LV ESD (mm) | 39.0 (±13.4) | 35.8 (±11.7) | 37.8 (±12.3) | 41.4 (±14.9)* , † | 40.9 (±12.9)* | <0.001 |
| LV EDV (ml/m2) | 114 (82–169) | 104 (75–151) | 104 (77–144) | 128 (87–209)* , † | 136 (103–192)* , † | <0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 43.9 (±15.8) | 48.7 (±15.5) | 45.4 (±15.6) | 40.2 (±15.0)* , † | 42.5 (±16.5)* | <0.001 |
| LA volume (mL) | 92 (61–126) | 74 (51–109) | 89 (59–123)* | 101 (66–131)* | 98 (69–132)* | <0.001 |
| Significant AS (%) | 251 (21.2%) | 35 (16.4%) | 92 (21.2%) | 98 (23.0%) | 26 (24.1%) | 0.225 |
| Significant MR (%) | 336 (27.4%) | 42 (18.3%) | 108 (24.2%) | 144 (32.9%)* , † | 42 (37.2%)* , † | <0.001 |
| Right heart | ||||||
| RV basal diameter, mm | 45.6 (±8.6) | 44.4 (±8.8) | 44.9 (±8.1) | 46.8 (±9.0)* , † | 46.2 (±7.8) | 0.001 |
| RV mid‐diameter, mm | 35.3 (±9.0) | 33.9 (±8.9) | 34.6 (±8.9) | 36.4 (±9.2)* , † | 36.5 (±8.4) | 0.001 |
| RV EDA, cm2 | 23.6 (18.5–29.8) | 21.6 (17.7–28.4) | 22.7 (18.1–28.2) | 24.8 (19.2–31.5)* , † | 26.9 (20.5–31.3)* , † | <0.001 |
| RA area, cm2 | 25.7 (20.2–33.2) | 23.5 (18.4–30.8) | 25.8 (20.2–33.2)* | 26.6 (20.8–34.9)* | 26.5 (21.3–32.3) | 0.010 |
| TAPSE, mm | 15.3 (±5.1) | 16.1 (±5.2) | 15.9 (±5.1) | 14.6 (±4.9)* , † | 13.9 (±4.6)* , † | <0.001 |
| PASP, mmHg | 43.0 (±16.9) | 40.4 (±18.1) | 41.9 (±16.4) | 44.7 (±16.2)* | 46.6 (±17.8)* | 0.001 |
| PASP > 40 mmHg (%) | 618 (53.9%) | 89 (42.6%) | 212 (50.1%) | 248 (60.3%)* , † | 69 (66.3%)* , † | <0.001 |
| eRAP, mm Hg | 9.0 (±4.9) | 9.2 (±4.7) | 8.4 (±5.0) | 9.2 (±4.9)† | 10.1 (±4.8) | 0.006 |
| Tricuspid valve | ||||||
| Moderate TR (%) | 948 (76.9%) | 178 (77.7%) | 363 (80.5%) | 328 (74.7%) | 79 (69.9%) | 0.054 |
| Severe TR (%) | 284 (23.1%) | 51 (22.3%) | 88 (19.5%) | 111 (25.3%) | 34 (30.1%) | 0.054 |
| TA diameter, mm | 41.7 (±8.0) | 40.1 (±7.9) | 41.6 (±8.0) | 42.5 (±8.1)* | 42.5 (±7.8) | 0.003 |
| Vena contracta, mm | 10.4 (±4.03) | 9.7 (±4.2) | 10.5 (±4.0) | 10.6 (±3.9)* | 11.2 (±4.2)* | 0.006 |
| EROA, mm2 | 64 (40–101) | 56 (34–100) | 64 (42–96) | 67 (42–107) | 64 (42–100) | 0.536 |
| RVol, mL/beat | 60 (36–100) | 52 (28–90) | 60 (36–96) | 66 (37–105)* | 64 (42–114)* | 0.007 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD, median (IQR) or n (%).
AS, aortic stenosis; EDA, end‐diastolic area; EDD, end‐diastolic diameter; EDV, end‐diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; eRAP, estimated right atrial pressure; EROA, effective regurgitant orifice area; ESD, end‐systolic diameter; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RA, right atrial; RV, right ventricle; RVol, regurgitant volume; TA, tricuspid annulus; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
P < 0.05 vs. Group I.
P < 0.05 vs. Group II.
P < 0.05 vs. Group III.