Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by estimated glomerular filtration rate category
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 4956) | eGFR ≤30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 507) | 30 < eGFR ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 2130) | eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 2319) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 69 (60, 76) | 75 (67, 80) | 72 (65, 79) | 64 (55, 71) | <0.001 |
| Female sex | 1189 (24.0%) | 151 (29.8%) | 540 (25.4%) | 498 (21.5%) | <0.001 |
| Race | <0.001 | ||||
| Asian | 1126 (22.7%) | 104 (20.5%) | 462 (21.7%) | 560 (24.2%) | |
| Black | 244 (4.9%) | 10 (2.0%) | 66 (3.1%) | 168 (7.2%) | |
| White | 3159 (63.8%) | 365 (72.0%) | 1448 (68.0%) | 1346 (58.1%) | |
| Other | 426 (8.6%) | 28 (5.5%) | 154 (7.2%) | 244 (10.5%) | |
| Region | <0.001 | ||||
| Asia Pacific | 1173 (23.7%) | 112 (22.1%) | 492 (23.1%) | 569 (24.5%) | |
| Eastern Europe | 1670 (33.7%) | 164 (32.3%) | 656 (30.8%) | 850 (36.7%) | |
| Latin and South America | 717 (14.5%) | 41 (8.1%) | 274 (12.9%) | 402 (17.3%) | |
| North America | 537 (10.8%) | 52 (10.3%) | 248 (11.6%) | 237 (10.2%) | |
| Western Europe | 859 (17.3%) | 138 (27.2%) | 460 (21.6%) | 261 (11.3%) | |
| Worsening HF event | 0.122 | ||||
| HF hospitalization 3–6 months | 846 (17.1%) | 87 (17.2%) | 365 (17.1%) | 394 (17.0%) | |
| HF hospitalization within 3 months | 3316 (66.9%) | 355 (70.0%) | 1426 (66.9%) | 1535 (66.2%) | |
| IV diuretic for HF (without hospitalization) within 3 months | 794 (16.0%) | 65 (12.8%) | 339 (15.9%) | 390 (16.8%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27 (24, 31) | 27 (24, 31) | 27 (24, 31) | 27 (24, 31) | 0.455 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 30 (23, 35) | 30 (25, 36) | 30 (24, 35) | 28 (21, 35) | <0.001 |
| Ejection fraction ≤40% | 4580 (92.6%) | 469 (93.4%) | 1955 (92.0%) | 2156 (93.1%) | 0.589 |
| NYHA class | <0.001 | ||||
| I/II | 2930 (59.1%) | 259 (51.1%) | 1213 (56.9%) | 1458 (62.9%) | |
| III/IV | 2026 (40.9%) | 248 (48.9%) | 917 (43.1%) | 861 (37.1%) | |
| Medical history | |||||
| Diabetes | 2331 (47.0%) | 328 (64.7%) | 1068 (50.1%) | 935 (40.3%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 3925 (79.2%) | 453 (89.3%) | 1776 (83.4%) | 1696 (73.1%) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 2843 (57.4%) | 355 (70.0%) | 1315 (61.7%) | 1173 (50.6%) | <0.001 |
| Anaemia | 1053 (21.2%) | 207 (40.8%) | 548 (25.7%) | 298 (12.9%) | <0.001 |
| CAD | 2815 (56.8%) | 362 (71.4%) | 1322 (62.1%) | 1131 (48.8%) | <0.001 |
| History of MI | 2090 (42.2%) | 273 (53.8%) | 972 (45.6%) | 845 (36.4%) | <0.001 |
| History of stroke | 569 (11.5%) | 80 (15.8%) | 274 (12.9%) | 215 (9.3%) | <0.001 |
| Prior PCI | 1652 (33.3%) | 214 (42.2%) | 766 (36.0%) | 672 (29.0%) | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use | 2922 (59.0%) | 276 (54.4%) | 1265 (59.4%) | 1381 (59.6%) | 0.109 |
| Vitals | |||||
| SBP, mmHg | 119 (109, 131) | 120 (109, 135) | 119 (109, 131) | 118 (108, 130) | 0.017 |
| DBP, mmHg | 72 (65, 80) | 70 (62, 79) | 71 (63, 78) | 74 (67, 82) | <0.001 |
| Pulse, bpm | 72 (64, 81) | 70 (62, 79) | 70 (63, 80) | 73 (65, 83) | <0.001 |
| SOC medications and devices | |||||
| ACE or ARB | 3641 (73.5%) | 289 (57.0%) | 1510 (70.9%) | 1842 (79.4%) | <0.001 |
| Beta‐blocker | 4614 (93.1%) | 473 (93.3%) | 1978 (92.9%) | 2163 (93.3%) | 0.796 |
| Sacubitril/valsartan | 717 (14.5%) | 61 (12.0%) | 348 (16.3%) | 308 (13.3%) | 0.355 |
| MRA | 3487 (70.4%) | 227 (44.8%) | 1411 (66.2%) | 1849 (79.7%) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics | 4812 (97.1%) | 497 (98.0%) | 2086 (97.9%) | 2229 (96.1%) | <0.001 |
| Biventricular pacemaker | 724 (14.6%) | 88 (17.4%) | 391 (18.4%) | 245 (10.6%) | <0.001 |
| ICD | 1370 (27.6%) | 156 (30.8%) | 697 (32.7%) | 517 (22.3%) | <0.001 |
| Labs | |||||
| NT‐proBNP | 2817 (1554, 5329) | 5323 (2790, 10 624) | 3316 (1769, 5930) | 2253 (1296, 3960) | <0.001 |
| BNP | 745 (456, 1343) | 917 (594, 1700) | 754 (476, 1405) | 704 (410, 1207) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.8) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.7) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.0) | <0.001 |
| Sodium | 140 (138, 142) | 140 (138, 142) | 140 (138, 142) | 140 (138, 142) | 0.355 |
| Potassium | 4.5 (4.2, 4.8) | 4.6 (4.2, 5.0) | 4.5 (4.2, 4.9) | 4.4 (4.1, 4.7) | <0.001 |
| Randomized arm | 0.590 | ||||
| Placebo | 2482 (50.1%) | 246 (48.5%) | 1070 (50.2%) | 1166 (50.3%) | |
| Vericiguat | 2474 (49.9%) | 261 (51.5%) | 1060 (49.8%) | 1153 (49.7%) |
Continuous variables are presented as median (25th, 75th percentiles) and categorical variables as frequencies (%). Tests for trend across eGFR strata were performed for all baseline characteristics.
ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CAD, coronary artery disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; IV, intravenous; MI, myocardial infarction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SOC, standard of care.