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. 2021 Jan 8;27(1):gaaa087. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa087

Table I.

Stiffness of the mouse ZP measured at various stages of embryo development.

Stage of development Elastic modulus of ZP (kPa) Sample size (n)
Germinal vesicle 22.8 ± 10.4 30
Metaphase-II 8.26 ± 5.22 74
Pronuclear 22.3 ± 10.5 66
2-cell 13.8 ± 3.54 41
4-cell 12.6 ± 3.34 19
8-cell 5.97 ± 4.97 6
Morulae 1.88 ± 1.34 8
Early blastocyst 3.39 ± 1.86 4

ZP, zona pellucida.

Values were recorded from a microtactile sensor experiment performed by Murayama et al (2006).