Table 1.
Patients’ demographics and clinical variables
| Patient Characteristics | N = 362 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 56.8 (14.08) | |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28.08 (6.51) | |
| Gender, No. (%) | Female | 151 (41.71) |
| Male | 211 (58.29) | |
| Tobacco use, No. (%) | No | 192 (53.04) |
| Yes | 170 (46.96) | |
| Alcohol abuse, No. (%) | No | 278 (76.8) |
| Yes | 84 (23.2) | |
| History of chronic pain, No. (%) | No | 167 (46.13) |
| Yes | 195 (53.87) | |
| Preoperative pain intensity, No. (%) | 0 | 236 (65.19) |
| 1–5 | 60 (16.57) | |
| 6–10 | 28 (7.73) | |
| Unknown | 38 (10.5) | |
| Preoperative opioid use, mean (SD), mg | 28.29 (74.93) | |
| Neoadjuvant therapy, No. (%) | No | 310 (85.64) |
| Yes | 52 (14.36) | |
| Adjuvant therapy, No. (%) | No | 197 (54.42) |
| Yes | 165 (45.58) | |
| No | 58 (16.02) | |
| Yes | 304 (83.98) | |
| Neck reconstruction, No. (%) | No | 206 (56.91) |
| Yes | 156 (43.09) | |
| pT staging, No. (%) | 1 | 164 (45.3) |
| 2 | 116 (32.04) | |
| 3 | 44 (12.15) | |
| 4 | 38 (10.5) | |
| pN staging, No. (%) | 0 | 233 (64.36) |
| 1 | 35 (9.67) | |
| 2 | 54 (14.92) | |
| 3 | 32 (8.84) | |
| 4 | 8 (2.21) | |
| Perineural invasion, No. (%) | No | 253 (69.89) |
| Yes | 109 (30.11) | |
| Extracapsular extension, No. (%) | No | 287 (79.28) |
| Yes | 73 (20.17) | |
| Unknown | 2 (0.55) |
BMI = body mass index.