TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants with PMVT and TS in the TAAICG and OCGAS samples
| Cohort | PMVT, n/Total (%) with Available Data | TS, n/Total (%) with Available Data | χ2 (P) or t (P) |
|---|---|---|---|
| TAAICG | |||
| Age groups | |||
| <18 y, n (%) | 49/279 (17.6) | 1373/2032 (67.6) | |
| ≥18 y, n (%) | 230/279 (82.4) | 659/2032 (32.4) | 259.16 (<0.001) |
| Mean age at interview, y | 36.6 ± 14.8 | 19.2 ± 13.8 | 18.42 (<0.001) |
| Sex | |||
| Female, n (%) | 126/293 (43.0) | 527/2066 (25.5) | |
| Male, n (%) | 167/293 (57.0) | 1539/2066 (74.5) | 39.23 (<0.001) |
| Comorbid disorders, n (%) | |||
| ADHD | 62/291 (21.3) | 1099/2034 (54.0) | 109.06 (<0.001) |
| OCD | 126/296 (42.6) | 1377/2098 (65.6) | 59.07 (<0.001) |
| Mood disorders | 35/116 (30.2) | 256/985 (26.0) | 0.93 (0.33) |
| Anxiety disorders | 37/114 (32.5) | 280/982 (28.5) | 0.77 (0.38) |
| Disruptive behavior disorders | 7/28 (25.0) | 194/661 (29.3) | 0.24 (0.62) |
| Eating disorders | 4/113 (3.5) | 19/973 (1.9) | 1.23 (0.27) |
| Psychotic disorders | 0/112 (0) | 6/967 (0.6) | 0.69 (0.40) |
| Substance use disorders | 15/117 (12.8) | 54/992 (5.4) | 9.76 (<0.01) |
| Elimination disorders | 4/25 (16.0) | 128/723 (17.7) | 0.05 (0.83) |
| Score, mean ± SD (no. of individuals) | Score, mean ± SD (no. of individuals) | t (P) | |
| Tic severity | |||
| Motor tics | 10.6 ± 4.6 (110) | 17.2 ± 4.7 (1329) | −14.40 (<0.001) |
| Vocal tics | 5.4 ± 3.0 (11) | 12.9 ± 5.3 (1326) | −8.10 (<0.001) |
| OCGAS | |||
| Age groups, n (%) | |||
| <18 y | 30/87 (34.5) | 33/84 (39.3) | |
| ≥18 y | 57/87 (65.5) | 51/84 (60.7) | 0.4 (0.52) |
| Mean age at interview, y | 28.3 ± 15.7 | 26.3 ± 15.0 | 0.09 (0.93) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Female | 43/87 (52.4) | 39/84 (47.6) | |
| Male | 44/87 (49.4) | 45/84 (50.6) | 0.15 (0.69) |
| Comorbid disorders, n (%) | |||
| ADHD | 18/87 (20.7) | 20/84 (23.8) | 0.24 (0.62) |
| OCD | 87/87 (100) | 84/84 (100) | N/A |
| Mood disorders | 58/87 (66.7) | 55/84 (65.5) | 0.03 (0.87) |
| Anxiety disorders | 69/87 (79.3) | 60/84 (71.4) | 1.43 (0.23) |
| Disruptive behavior disorders | 5/87 (5.8) | 7/84 (8.33) | 0.44 (0.51) |
| Eating disorders | 5/87 (5.8) | 3/84 (3.6) | 0.45 (0.50) |
| Psychotic disorders | 1/87 (1.2) | 0/84 (0) | 0.97 (0.32) |
| Substance use disorders | 13/87 (14.9) | 21/84 (25.0) | 2.71 (0.1) |
| Elimination disorders | N/A | N/A | |
| Score, mean ± SD (no. of individuals) | Score, mean ± SD (no. of individuals) | t test | |
| Tic severity | |||
| Motor tics | 9.54 ± 3.06 (46) | 14.64 ± 5.37 (64) | −5.78 (<0.001) |
| Vocal tics | 9.21 ± 2.96 (29) | 11.86 ± 4.04 (61) | −3.16 (<0.01) |
PMVT, persistent motor and vocal tics; TS, Tourette syndrome; TAAICG, Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics; OCGAS, OCD Collaborative Genetics Association Study; ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; OCD, obsessive–compulsive disorder; SD, standard deviation; N/A, not available.