Table 2.
Characteristics of RSV infection.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 147) | LRTI (n = 53) | URTI (n = 94) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median delay from allogeneic HSCT to RSV infection (days, IQR) |
196 [86; 411.5] |
272 [105; 608] |
174.5 [74.5; 345] |
| PCR sample | |||
| Nasal swab | 80 (54.4) | 30 (56.6) | 50 (53.2) |
| Nasopharyngeal aspiration | 64 (43.5) | 20 (37.7) | 44 (46.8) |
| Bronchoalveolar lavage | 3 (2) | 3 (5.7) | 0 |
| Coinfectiona | 58 (39.4) | 29 (54.7) | 29 (30.9) |
| Viral coinfection | 38 (25.8) | 10 (18.9) | 28 (29.8) |
| Bacterial coinfection | 23 (15.7) | 22 (41.5) | 1 (1.1) |
| Fungal coinfection | 3 (2.0) | 3 (5.7) | 0 |
| Biology | |||
| ALC ≤ 0.5 × 109/l | 52 (35.4) | 21 (39.6) | 31 (32.9) |
| ALC ≤ 0.2 × 109/l | 21 (14.3) | 10 (18.9) | 11 (11.7) |
| ANC ≤ 0.5 × 109/l | 16 (10.9) | 5 (9.4) | 11 (11.7) |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia ≤6.5 g/l | 73 (49.7) | 24 (45.3) | 49 (52.1) |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia ≤4.5 g/l | 38 (52.1) | 15 (62.5) | 23 (46.9) |
| Progression to LRTI | 13 (13.8) | – | 13 (13.8) |
| Hospital admission | 63 (42.9) | 41 (77.4) | 22 (23.4) |
| ICU | 7 (4.7) | 4 (7.6) | 3 (3.2) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 4 (57.1) | 2 (50) | 2 (66.7) |
| Overall deaths | 53 (36.1) | 23 (43.4) | 30 (31.9) |
| Deaths at 90 days | 14 (9.5) | 6 (11.3) | 8 (8.5) |
| Deaths attributed to RSV | 9 (6.1) | 4 (7.6) | 5 (5.3) |
| Treatment for RSVb | 45 (30.6) | 19 (35.8) | 26 (27.7) |
| Ribavirin | 15 (33.3) | 7 (36.8) | 8 (30.8) |
| Ribavirin + IVIG | 7 (15.6) | 4 (21.1) | 3 (11.5) |
| IVIG | 19 (42.2) | 7 (36.8) | 12 (46.2) |
| SID score (range) | 2 [1;3] | 2 [1;3] | |
| Low (MID) | 15 (10.2) | 7 (13.2) | 8 (8.5) |
| Moderate (SID) | 36 (24.5) | 9 (16.9) | 27 (28.7) |
| High (verySID) | 96 (65.3) | 37 (69.8) | 59 (62.8) |
| ISI (range) | 3 [3;4] | 2 [2;3] | |
| Low | 62 (42.2) | 12 (22.6) | 50 (53.2) |
| Moderate | 77 (52.4) | 38 (71.7) | 39 (41.5) |
| High | 8 (5.4) | 3 (5.7) | 5 (5.3) |
RSV respiratory syncytial virus, LRTI lower respiratory tract infection, URTI upper respiratory tract infection, HSCT haematologic stem cell transplantation, IQR interquartile range, GVHD graft-versus-host disease, ALC absolute lymphocyte count, ANC absolute neutrophil count, SID score severe immunodeficiency score, MID moderate immunodeficiency, SID severe immunodeficiency, ISI immunodeficiency scoring index.
aCoinfection, including by viruses (Rhinovirus n = 12, Coronavirus n = 10, Enterovirus n = 10, Influenza virus n = 6, Parainfluenza virus n = 7, adenovirus n = 4, metapneumovirus n = 1 and bocavirus n = 1), bacteria (Streptococcus pneumonae n = 6, Klebsiella pneumonae n = 4, Pseudomonas aeruginosa n = 4, Branhamella catarrhalis n = 4, Haemophilus influenzae n = 3, Escherichia coli n = 1, others n = ), and fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus n = 3).
bFour patients were included in a randomized trial (presatovir vs placebo).