Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analyses for progression to lower respiratory tract infection in patients with upper respiratory tract infection.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | N | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value |
| Age at allogeneic HSCT | 94 | 1 (0.97–1.02) | 0.86 | ||
| Age at diagnosis | |||||
| >25 years | 62 | 0.82 (0.27–2.5) | 0.72 | ||
| >40 years | 42 | 1.11 (0.37–3.3) | 0.85 | ||
| Allogeneic HSCT | |||||
| <6 months prior | 48 | 2.28 (0.7–7.4) | 0.17 | ||
| <1 month prior | 13 | 4.19 (1.37–12.83) | 0.012 | ||
| Sex (F) | 36 | 0.68 (0.21–2.22) | 0.53 | ||
| Lymphoproliferative disease | 20 | 0.69 (0.15–3.11) | 0.63 | ||
| Graft procedure | |||||
| Peripheral blood stem cells | 70 | 1.00 | |||
| Bone marrow | 13 | 0.57 (0.07–4.52) | 0.60 | ||
| Umbilical cord blood | 11 | 2.09 (0.57–7.73) | 0.27 | ||
| Myeloablative conditioning regimen | 39 | 0.87 (0.28–2.66) | 0.81 | ||
| Whole-body irradiation | 36 | 1.04 (0.34–3.17) | 0.95 | ||
| Antithymocyte globulina | 50 | 1.06 (0.36–3.16) | 0.92 | ||
| B cell depletionb | 8 | 3.93 (1.08–14.31) | 0.038 | 5.72 (1.47–22.2) | 0.012 |
| Coinfection | 29 | 1.02 (0.31–3.3) | 0.98 | ||
| Nosocomial infection | 7 | 1.04 (0.14–8) | 0.97 | ||
| Leukocytes > 2 × 109/l | 81 | 0.21 (0.07–0.65) | 0.007 | ||
| ALC > 0.5 × 109/l | 63 | 0.28 (0.09–0.86) | 0.026 | ||
| ALC ≤ 0.2 × 109/l | 11 | 12.35 (4.12–37.07) | <0.0001 | ||
| ALC ≤ 0.1 × 109/l | 7 | 3.93 (0.97–15.91) | 0.055 | ||
| ANC > 0.5 × 109/l | 83 | 0.26 (0.08–0.84) | 0.024 | ||
| ANC ≤ 0.5 × 109/l | 11 | 3.89 (1.19–12.67) | 0.024 | ||
| Hypogammaglobulinemia ≤6.5g/l | 49 | 1.13 (0.38–3.38) | 0.82 | ||
| Hypogammaglobulinemia ≤4.5g/l | 23 | 0.44 (0.009–2.29) | 0.33 | ||
| No acute GVHD grade ≥2 or treated | 77 | 0.71 (0.2–2.58) | 0.60 | ||
| Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome | 8 | 2.02 (0.45–9.11) | 0.36 | ||
| Corticosteroid therapy in the prior 30 days | 45 | 1.83 (0.6–5.61) | 0.29 | ||
| Anti-RSV treatmentc | 26 | 2.54 (0.85–7.57) | 0.094 | ||
| SID score | 94 | 1.46 (0.93–2.31) | 0.10 | ||
| ISI | 94 | 1.54 (1.24–1.92) | <0.0001 | ||
| Low | 50 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Moderate | 39 | 5.66 (1.2–26.67) | 0.028 | 5.9 (1.25–27.7) | 0.025 |
| High | 5 | 19.99 (3.3–121.02) | 0.001 | 27.5 (4.3–175) | 0.000046 |
CI confidence interval, HSCT haematologic stem cell transplantation, GVHD graft-versus-host disease, RSV respiratory syncytial virus, SID score severe immunodeficiency score, ISI immunodeficiency scoring index, ALC absolute lymphocyte count, ANC absolute neutrophil count.
aat the time of conditioning.
bAll patients received rituximab (within the three months prior to RSV infection for x patients and between four months and six months prior to RSV infection for y patients).
cRibavirine and/or intravenous polyclonal immunoglobulins.