Table 2.
Association between clinicopathological factors and patients with or without anastomotic leakage
| All case | Group NAL | Group AL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 295 | N = 261 | N = 34 | p value | ||
| Age | (Years, IQR) | 65 (59–71) | 66 (59–71) | 65 (59–71) | 0.845 |
| ≥ 53 | 265 (89.8%) | 232 (88.9%) | 33 (97.1%) | 0.224* | |
| < 53 | 30 (10.2%) | 29 (11.1%) | 1 (2.9%) | ||
| Gender | Male | 241 (81.7%) | 211 (80.8%) | 30 (88.2%) | 0.355* |
| Female | 54 (18.3%) | 50 (19.2%) | 4 (11.8%) | ||
| BMI | (kg/m2, IQR) | 21.2 (19.4–23.5) | 21.0 (19.4–23.5) | 22.2 (19.8–23.8) | 0.433 |
| ≥ 22.1 | 114 (38.6%) | 95 (36.4%) | 19 (55.9%) | 0.028 | |
| < 22.1 | 181 (61.4%) | 166 (63.6%) | 15 (44.1%) | ||
| Habitual tobacco use | Yes | 235 (79.7%) | 204 (78.2%) | 31 (91.2%) | 0.11* |
| No | 60 (20.3%) | 57 (21.8%) | 3 (8.8%) | ||
| Habitual alcohol use | Yes | 235 (79.7%) | 205 (78.5%) | 30 (88.2%) | 0.257* |
| No | 60 (20.3%) | 56 (21.5%) | 4 (11.8%) | ||
| Steroid use | Yes | 4 (1.4%) | 3 (1.2%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.389* |
| No | 291 (98.6%) | 258 (98.9%) | 33 (97.1%) | ||
| CCI | (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.829 |
| ≤ 2 | 283 (95.9%) | 252 (96.6%) | 31 (91.2%) | 0.149 | |
| ≥ 3 | 12 (4.1%) | 9 (3.5%) | 3 (8.8%) | ||
| Albumin | (g/dL, IQR) | 3.9 (3.7–4.2) | 3.9 (3.7–4.2) | 3.8 (3.6–4.1) | 0.203 |
| > 3.8 | 172 (58.3%) | 157 (60.2%) | 15 (44.1%) | 0.075 | |
| ≤ 3.8 | 123 (41.7%) | 104 (39.8%) | 19 (55.9%) | ||
| CRP | (mg/dL, IQR) | 0.1 (0.04–0.3) | 0.10 (0.04–0.28) | 0.14 (0.06–0.43) | 0.075 |
| ≥ 0.06 | 200 (67.8%) | 171 (65.5%) | 29 (85.3%) | 0.02 | |
| < 0.06 | 95 (32.2%) | 90 (34.5%) | 5 (14.7%) | ||
| PNI | (IQR) | 47.4 (44.4–50.7) | 47.4 (44.4–50.7) | 48.0 (44.3–50.6) | 0.82 |
| ≥ 42.5 | 258 (87.5%) | 226 (86.6%) | 32 (94.1%) | 0.279* | |
| < 42.5 | 37 (12.5%) | 35 (13.4%) | 2 (5.9%) | ||
| CAR | (IQR) | 0.024 (0.01–0.08) | 0.024 (0.009–0.073) | 0.037 (0.015–0.123) | 0.072 |
| ≥ 0.0139 | 200 (67.8%) | 170 (65.1%) | 30 (88.2%) | 0.007 | |
| < 0.0139 | 95 (32.2%) | 91 (34.9%) | 4 (11.8%) | ||
| mGPS | 0 | 235 (79.7%) | 210 (80.5%) | 25 (73.5%) | 0.345 |
| 1, 2 | 60 (20.3%) | 51 (19.5%) | 9 (26.5%) | ||
| ASA-PS | 1, 2 | 275 (93.2%) | 245 (93.9%) | 30 (88.2%) | 0.265* |
| 3 | 20 (6.8%) | 16 (6.1%) | 4 (11.8%) | ||
| Location of tumor | Ut | 53 (18.0%) | 47 (18.0%) | 6 (17.6%) | 0.887 |
| Mt | 172 (58.3%) | 151 (57.9%) | 21 (61.8%) | ||
| Lt | 70 (23.7%) | 63 (24.1%) | 7 (20.6%) | ||
| cT (UICC8) | 1, 2 | 161 (54.6%) | 140 (53.6%) | 21 (61.8%) | 0.371 |
| 3, 4 | 134 (45.4%) | 121 (46.4%) | 13 (38.4%) | ||
| cN (UICC8) | Yes | 162 (54.9%) | 144 (55.2%) | 18 (52.9%) | 0.806 |
| No | 133 (45.1%) | 117 (44.8%) | 16 (47.1%) | ||
| cStage (UICC8) | I, II | 157 (53.2%) | 138 (52.9%) | 19 (55.9%) | 0.741 |
| III, IV | 138 (46.8%) | 123 (47.1%) | 15 (44.1%) | ||
| Preoperative treatment | Chemotherapy | 154 (52.2%) | 132 (50.6%) | 22 (64.7%) | 0.158 |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 16 (5.4%) | 16 (6.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Surgical only | 125 (43.4%) | 113 (43.3%) | 12 (35.3%) |
*Fisher's exact test
IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, CRP serum C-reactive protein;
PNI Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index, CAR C-reactive protein to albumin ratio, mGPS modified Glasgow prognostic score
ASA-PS the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of physical status
UICC the Union for International Cancer Control